모노에틸렌글리콜

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모노에틸렌글리콜 MSDS

Ethylene glycol

모노에틸렌글리콜 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

개요

Ethylene glycol was first synthesized in 1859; however, it did not become a public health concern until after World War II. In fact, the first published series of deaths from ethylene glycol consumption involved 18 soldiers who drank antifreeze as a substitute for ethanol. Despite the early recognition that patients who drank ethanol in addition to ethylene glycol had prolonged survival when compared to those drinking ethylene glycol alone, antidotal treatment of ethylene glycol toxicity with ethanol was not evaluated until the 1960s. Today, ethylene glycol poisoning continues to be a public health problem, particularly in the southeastern United States. In 2009, US poison control centers received 5282 calls about possible ethylene glycol exposures, and the toxicology community believes these exposures are underreported.

화학적 성질

Ethylene glycol,CH20HCH20H, also known as glycol,ethylene alcohol, glycol alcohol, and dihydric alcohol, is a colorless liquid. It is soluble in water and in alcohol. Ethyleneglycol has a low freezing point,-25°C (-13 OF), and is widely used as an antifreeze in automobiles and in hydraulic fluids. It is used as a solvent for nitrocellulose and in the manufacture of acrylonitrile, dynamites, and resins.

용도

Ethylene glycol is used as an antifreeze inheating and cooling systems (e.g., automobileradiators and coolant for airplane motors).It is also used in the hydraulic brake fluids;as a solvent for paints, plastics, and inks; as a softening agent for cellophane; and in themanufacture of plasticizers, elastomers, alkydresins, and synthetic fibers and waxes.

생산 방법

Historically, ethylene glycol has been manufactured by hydrolyzing ethylene oxide. Presently, it is also produced commercially by oxidizing ethylene in the presence of acetic acid to form ethylene diacetate, which is hydrolyzed to the glycol, and acetic acid is recycled in the process .

정의

ChEBI: A 1,2-glycol compound produced via reaction of ethylene oxide with water.

제조 방법

Ethylene glycol is prepared by the hydration of ethylene oxide:

This reaction is carried out in a manner comparable to that described for the preparation of propylene glycol from propylene oxide . Ethylene glycol is a colourless liquid, b.p. 197??C.

화학 반응

Glycol reacts (1) with sodium to form sodium glycol, CH2OH · CH2ONa, and disodium glycol, CH2ONa·CH2ONa; (2) with phosphorus pentachloride to form ethylene dichloride, CH2Cl·CH2Cl (3) with carboxy acids to form mono- and disubstituted esters, e.g., glycol monoacetate, CH2OH·CH2OOCCH3, glycol diacetate, CH3COOCH2 · CH2OOCCH3; (4) with nitric acid (with sulfuric acid), to form glycol mononitrate, CH2OH·CH2ONO2, glycol dinitrate, CH2ONO2 · CH2ONO2; (5) with hydrogen chloride, heated, to form glycol chlorohydrin (ethylene chlorohydrin, CH2OH·CHCl); (6) upon regulated oxidation to form glycollic aldehyde, CH2OH·CHO, glyoxal, CHO · CHO, glycollic acid, CH2OH·COOH, glyoxalic acid, CHO·COOH, oxalic acid, COOH·COOH.

일반 설명

Ethylene glycol is a clear, colorless syrupy liquid. The primary hazard is the threat to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment. Since Ethylene glycol is a liquid Ethylene glycol can easily penetrate the soil and contaminate groundwater and nearby streams.

반응 프로필

Mixing Ethylene glycol in equal molar portions with any of the following substances in a closed container caused the temperature and pressure to increase: chlorosulfonic acid, oleum, sulfuric acid, [NFPA 1991].

위험도

Questionable carcinogen. Toxic by ingestion and inhalation. Lethal dose reported to be 100 cc.

건강위험

Inhalation of vapor is not hazardous. Ingestion causes stupor or coma, sometimes leading to fatal kidney injury.

화재위험

Ethylene glycol is combustible.

Safety Profile

Human poison by ingestion. (Lethal dose for humans reported to be 100 mL.) Moderately toxic to humans by an unspecified route. Moderately toxic experimentally by ingestion, subcutaneous, intravenous, and intramuscular routes. Human systemic effects by ingestion and inhalation: eye lachrymation, general anesthesia, headache, cough, respiratory stimulation, nausea or vomiting, pulmonary, kidney, and liver changes. If ingested it causes initial central nervous system stimulation followed by depression. Later, it causes potentially lethal kidney damage. Very toxic in particulate form upon inhalation. An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. Human mutation data reported. A skin, eye, and mucous membrane irritant. Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidants. Moderate explosion hazard when exposed to flame. Iptes on contact with chromium trioxide, potassium permanganate, and sodium peroxide. Mixtures with ammonium dichromate, silver chlorate, sodium chlorite, and uranyl nitrate ipte when heated to 100°C. Can react violently with chlorosulfonic acid, oleum, H2SO4, HClO4, and Pass. Aqueous solutions may ignite silvered copper wires that have an applied D.C. voltage. To fight fire, use alcohol foam, water, foam, CO2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.

잠재적 노출

Ethylene glycol is used in antifreeze (especially as car radiator antifreeze) and in production of polyethylene terephthalate fibers and films; in hydraulic fluids; antifreeze and coolant mixtures for motor vehicles; electrolytic condensers; and heat exchangers. It is also used as a solvent and as a chemical intermediate for ethylene glycol dinitrate, glycol esters; resins, and for pharmaceuticals.

환경귀착

Ethylene glycol is considered an inert ingredient in pesticides. It typically enters the environment through waste streams after use of deicing products, where it is highly mobile in soil and contaminates groundwater. Ethylene glycol is considered ‘readily biodegradable.’ It biodegrades relatively quickly; its half-life (t1/2) is 2–12 days in soil.
Ethylene glycol is biodegraded in water under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions within a day to a few weeks. In the atmosphere, ethylene glycol photochemically degrades with a t1/2 of approximately 2 days.

Solubility in organics

Miscible with water and alcohol, soluble in lower atifatic alcohols and ketones, Propylene glycol and Glycerin, poorly soluble in Hydrocarbons such as Terpenes as well as in Terpene alcohols, esters, etc.

운송 방법

UN3082 Environmentally hazardous substances, liquid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required

Purification Methods

It is very hygroscopic, and also likely to contain higher diols. Dry it with CaO, CaSO4, MgSO4 or NaOH and distil it under vacuum. Dry further by reaction with sodium under nitrogen, reflux for several hours and distil. The distillate is then passed through a column of Linde type 4A molecular sieves and finally distil under nitrogen, from more molecular sieves. Then fractionally distil it. [Beilstein 1 IV 2369.]

비 호환성

Reacts with sulfuric acid, oleum, chlorosulfonic acid; strong oxidizing agents; strong bases; chromium trioxide; potassium permanganate; sodium peroxide. Hygroscopic (i.e., absorbs moisture from the air)

폐기물 처리

Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal, state, and local environmental regulations must be observed. Alternatively, ethylene glycol can be recovered from polyester plant wastes

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모노에틸렌글리콜 공급 업체

공급자	전화	이메일	국가	제품 수	이점
Shandong Deshang Chemical Co., Ltd.	+86-0531-8875-2665 +8613153039501	info@deshangchem.com	China	662	58
Shandong Zhishang New Material Co., Ltd.	+8617653113209	sales002@sdzschem.com	China	3049	58
PT CHEM GROUP LIMITED	+86-85511178; +86-85511178;	peter68@ptchemgroup.com	China	35425	58
Shanghai Bojing Chemical Co.,Ltd.	+86-86-02137122233 +8613795318958	bj1@bj-chem.com	China	299	55
Aladdin Scientific		tp@aladdinsci.com	United States	57505	58
Shandong Dexiang International Trade Co., Ltd	+86-15662691337 +86-15662695772	539942812@qq.com	China	998	58
SHANGHAI KEAN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.	+8613817748580	cooperation@kean-chem.com	China	40066	58
Yixing Wencheng Chemical Co., Ltd	+86-0510-87501824 +86-13961572207	David@un-wencheng.com	China	137	58
Hebei Chuanghai Biotechnology Co., Ltd	+8615531157085	abby@chuanghaibio.com	China	8808	58
Hebei Mujin Biotechnology Co.,Ltd	+86 13288715578 +8613288715578	sales@hbmojin.com	China	12814	58

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