CN106577095A - Control method for cephaleuros virescens of southern magnolia - Google Patents
Control method for cephaleuros virescens of southern magnolia Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control method for cephaleuros virescens of southern magnolia. The control method comprises the specific steps that a cultivating land is selected and ploughed, a base fertilizer is applied to the land, and soil pest killing is conducted on the land; bedding is conducted on the cultivating land, and the sapling planting space is determined; transplanting sapling cultivation and root cephaleuros virescens prevention treatment are conducted; and at the beginning of summer, two chemical agents are continuously sprayed on a whole tree in the early stage of the cephaleuros virescens for a plurality of times. According to the control method, soil pest killing is conducted on the original cultivation land, and growth of root hair is promoted; then during transplanting, sterilization and disinfection can promote root wound healing, and bacterial infection is avoided; used chemicals are majorly Chinese herb medicines, the source is extensive, the cost is low, the soil environment is not polluted, the probability of occurrence of root diseases during cultivation, transplanting and the later stage is decreased, and leafy profusion of the southern magnolia is enhanced, the number of root hair is large, the number of diseased and weak branches is decreased, and the disease resistance of the southern magnolia is improved; and the cephaleuros virescens is controlled through multiple times of chemical spraying on the whole tree.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant and diseases prevention technical field, the prevention and controls of the white bath disease of more particularly to a kind of southern magnolia.
Background technology
Southern magnolia, it is very big due to blooming, Flos Nelumbinises are similar to, Gu also known as " evergreen magnolia ".Southern magnolia belongs to Magnoliaceae Magnolia,
The green arbor of length, leaf keratin is carried on the back by rust fine hair, and surface is glossy, the micro- warp in edge, 10-20 centimetres of leaf length, another mutation
Narrow leaf southern magnolia, leaf is longer and narrower, and back side hair is less, and tolerance to cold is slightly strong.Big white, delicate fragrance, 20-30 centimetres of diameter is spent to spend generally
6 lobes, spend big as lotus, 5-July of florescence, covering of a seed are red, and 9-October fruit is ripe.Southern magnolia originates in America, so and someone
It is called " bull bay ", be distributed in the Yangtze river basin of North America and China's Mainland and on the south, the north such as Beijing, Lanzhou etc.,
By artificial introducing and planting.Southern magnolia is Hefei City, Anhui Province, the city tree of Zhejiang Province's Yuyao City.
There is canescence to the little Dapple of yellowish-brown on blade face at the initial stage of a disease in white algae disease, after be gradually expanded into it is radial or
Fibrous texture, the brown velvet hairy in surface and slightly swell, the later stage becomes the smooth scab of canescence；It is under the jurisdiction of algae, green
Algae guiding principle, four points of spore purpose cephalo algaes.The felt thing of sick algae is the trophosome of cephalo algae, produces travelling spore idiophase on trophosome
Ascus obstructs.Sporangiophore is hair-like, ultimate swelling, there is stigma, and spherical Sporangium is produced on stalk, and interior raw zoospore is oval,
The double flagellums of side life.
The characteristics of incidence pathogenic bacteria survives the winter in plant diseased tissuess.Annual 5-6 month external conditions produce when suitable Sporangium and
Zoospore, is propagated from aperture or wound by wind and rain and is caused harm.The pathogenic bacteria likes hot and humid condition, so be dried in sweltering heat
Summer occurs more serious.The weaker orchard of soil depletion extensive management, tree vigo(u)r is conducive to the generation of disease and spreads.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of prevention and controls of the white bath disease of southern magnolia.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of prevention and controls of the white bath disease of southern magnolia, concrete steps include as follows：
(1) select the gradient less than 30 degree sand soil for cultivate ground, in the winter time December to cultivation carry out ploughing deeply 40-50cm,
And per mu applied 2100-2150kg decomposed cow dungs and the compound fertilizer 75-80kg of N15-P12-K20 makees base fertilizer, in month next spring 2
Cultivate ground for per mu first to apply after 60-70kg mulch material, then rake after the 30-40cm that carries out turning over, and make wide 100cm, high 30cm's
Furrow, furrow spacing is 200-240cm；
(2) the stalk section 2-3cm that 3-4cm length is first inserted in diameter 40-50cm, the hole of deep 30-40cm, hole is made in furrow face
Thickness, is then further filled with the thick decomposed manures of 10-15cm, southern magnolia seedling is put in hole so as to which root hair is radially to four
Zhou Shenzhan, bankets and mentions seedling upwards after Seedling root upwards 10cm and launch root hair, then pour it is permeable carry out having peace of mind, and use three
Corner bracket is fixed；
(3) transplanting must be carried out dipping in slurry process with mud medicine slurry to southern magnolia tree seedling root, make tree seedling root to be moistened with mud medicine slurry, other clay fertilizers
Water management is cultivated according to a conventional method；
(4) after southern magnolia seedling survives, monthly full tree sprays a medicinal liquid A to weeding in combination, continuous 4-5 time；
(5) annual autumn September part, with reference to the autumn rural area is turned over, continuous 2-3 time per 3 medical liquid Bs of thorough tree sprinkling.
Further, the mulch material described in step (1) is 2 by weight ratio:1:8 Cosan, Realgar powder, clever shell are made.
Further, the mud medicine slurry described in step (3) is by medicinal liquid C, muck soil by weight 4:1 mixing is formed.
Further, medicinal liquid C is 8 by weight ratio:10:6:5:6 Omphalia, Flos Lonicerae, Fructus Forsythiae, Rhizoma Coptidis, Cortex Phellodendri continuously decoct
The admixing medical solutions for obtaining for three times, it is decoct medicine 5 times that amount of water is decocted every time.
Further, the medicinal liquid A described in step (4) is pressed by Flos Lonicerae, Herba Houttuyniae, Radix Isatidis, Folium Artemisiae Argyi, Cortex cinnamomi japonici (Ramulus Cinnamomi), Fructus Foeniculi, Calomelass
Its weight ratio is 8:10:6:5:10:5:1 makes, and its system is with step：After first adding 3 times of weight portion water to soak 7 days Flos Lonicerae
Leachate is obtained, adds the water of 4 times of weight portions continuously to decoct three times to obtain medicinal liquid together with Herba Houttuyniae, Radix Isatidis, Folium Artemisiae Argyi, Cortex cinnamomi japonici (Ramulus Cinnamomi), Fructus Foeniculi, then
The medicinal liquid and leachate are heated to into boiling adds Calomelass stirring and evenly mixing to obtain final product medicinal liquid A.
Further, the herb liquid B described in step (5) is by Omphalia, Herba Asari, Semen Torreyae, Moschus by weight 11:15:8:1
Ratio make, its system is with step：First Omphalia, Herba Asari, Semen Torreyae are ground to form into respectively the powder and Moschus moschiferouss that particle diameter is 0.2-0.4mm
Perfume (or spice) is placed in decoction pot, and adds the water of its gross weight 5-6 times weight portion to be decocted to boiling, filters to obtain medicinal liquid one, then is added
The water of 5-6 times of weight portion is decocted to boiling, filters to obtain medicinal liquid two, then is decocted once, obtains medicinal liquid three, and three gained medicinal liquids are entered
After row is mixed, herb liquid B is obtained final product.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：Carry out with cultivating killing soil pests from source, promote root hair growth, then to transplanting sterilization
Sterilization, promotes root wound healing, it is to avoid bacterial infection, and institute's medication mostly is Chinese herbal medicine, and source is wide, low cost, not contaminated soil
Environment, reduces cultivation, transplanting and the generation of later root disease, and the branch and leaf for strengthening southern magnolia are luxuriant, and root hair is more, reduce disease
Weak branch, improves its resistance against diseases, repeatedly the white bath disease of full tree spray preventing and treating, and the different medicinal liquids of Jing compatibilities can be in different seasons to suppression
The travelling of spore processed sucks leaf nutrition, while killing without host cephalo algae.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of prevention and controls of the white bath disease of southern magnolia, concrete steps include as follows：
(1) select sand soil of the gradient less than 30 degree to cultivate ground, in the winter time December carry out ploughing deeply 40cm to cultivation, and often
Mu applies 2100kg decomposed cow dungs and the compound fertilizer 75kg of N15-P12-K20 makees base fertilizer, and ground is cultivated first for per mu in 2 month of next spring
After applying 60kg mulch material, then rake after the 30cm that carries out turning over, and make wide 100cm, the furrow of high 30cm, furrow spacing is 200cm；
(2) the stalk section 2cm for making first to be inserted in diameter 40cm, the hole of deep 30cm, hole 3cm length in furrow face is thick, Ran Houzai
Insert the thick decomposed manures of 10cm, southern magnolia seedling put in hole so as to root hair radially to surrounding stretching, extension, banket from
Seedling root mentions upwards seedling after 10cm upwards launches root hair, then pour it is permeable carry out having peace of mind, and fixed with triangle shelf；
(3) transplanting must be carried out dipping in slurry process with mud medicine slurry to southern magnolia tree seedling root, make tree seedling root to be moistened with mud medicine slurry, other clay fertilizers
Water management is cultivated according to a conventional method；
(4) after southern magnolia seedling survives, monthly full tree sprays a medicinal liquid A to weeding in combination, continuous 4-5 time；
(5) annual autumn September part, with reference to the autumn rural area is turned over, continuous 2-3 time per 3 medical liquid Bs of thorough tree sprinkling.
Further, the mulch material described in step (1) is 2 by weight ratio:1:8 Cosan, Realgar powder, clever shell are made.
Further, the mud medicine slurry described in step (3) is by medicinal liquid C, muck soil by weight 4:1 mixing is formed.
Further, medicinal liquid C is 8 by weight ratio:10:6:5:6 Omphalia, Flos Lonicerae, Fructus Forsythiae, Rhizoma Coptidis, Cortex Phellodendri continuously decoct
The admixing medical solutions for obtaining for three times, it is decoct medicine 5 times that amount of water is decocted every time.
Further, the medicinal liquid A described in step (4) is pressed by Flos Lonicerae, Herba Houttuyniae, Radix Isatidis, Folium Artemisiae Argyi, Cortex cinnamomi japonici (Ramulus Cinnamomi), Fructus Foeniculi, Calomelass
Its weight ratio is 8:10:6:5:10:5:1 makes, and its system is with step：After first adding 3 times of weight portion water to soak 7 days Flos Lonicerae
Leachate is obtained, adds the water of 4 times of weight portions continuously to decoct three times to obtain medicinal liquid together with Herba Houttuyniae, Radix Isatidis, Folium Artemisiae Argyi, Cortex cinnamomi japonici (Ramulus Cinnamomi), Fructus Foeniculi, then
The medicinal liquid and leachate are heated to into boiling adds Calomelass stirring and evenly mixing to obtain final product medicinal liquid A.
Further, the herb liquid B described in step (5) is by Omphalia, Herba Asari, Semen Torreyae, Moschus by weight 11:15:8:1
Ratio make, its system is with step：First Omphalia, Herba Asari, Semen Torreyae are ground to form into respectively the powder and Moschus moschiferouss that particle diameter is 0.2-0.4mm
Perfume (or spice) is placed in decoction pot, and adds the water of its 5 times of weight portion of gross weight to be decocted to boiling, filters to obtain medicinal liquid one, then plus 5 times
The water of weight portion is decocted to boiling, filters to obtain medicinal liquid two, then is decocted once, obtains medicinal liquid three, and three gained medicinal liquids are mixed
After, herb liquid B is obtained final product.
Embodiment 2
A kind of prevention and controls of the white bath disease of southern magnolia, concrete steps include as follows：
(1) select sand soil of the gradient less than 30 degree to cultivate ground, in the winter time December carry out ploughing deeply 50cm to cultivation, and often
Mu applies 2150kg decomposed cow dungs and the compound fertilizer 80kg of N15-P12-K20 makees base fertilizer, and ground is cultivated first for per mu in 2 month of next spring
After applying 70kg mulch material, then rake after the 40cm that carries out turning over, and make wide 100cm, the furrow of high 30cm, furrow spacing is 240cm；
(2) the stalk section 2-3cm for making first to be inserted in diameter 50cm, the hole of deep 40cm, hole 4cm length in furrow face is thick, then
The thick decomposed manures of 15cm are further filled with, southern magnolia seedling is put in hole so as to which root hair radially stretches to surrounding, bankets
Mentioning seedling upwards after Seedling root upwards 10cm launches root hair, then pour it is permeable carry out having peace of mind, and fixed with triangle shelf；
(3) transplanting must be carried out dipping in slurry process with mud medicine slurry to southern magnolia tree seedling root, make tree seedling root to be moistened with mud medicine slurry, other clay fertilizers
Water management is cultivated according to a conventional method；
(4) after southern magnolia seedling survives, monthly full tree sprays a medicinal liquid A to weeding in combination, continuous 4-5 time；
(5) annual autumn September part, with reference to the autumn rural area is turned over, continuous 2-3 time per 3 medical liquid Bs of thorough tree sprinkling.
Further, the mulch material described in step (1) is 2 by weight ratio:1:8 Cosan, Realgar powder, clever shell are made.
Further, the mud medicine slurry described in step (3) is by medicinal liquid C, muck soil by weight 4:1 mixing is formed.
Further, medicinal liquid C is 8 by weight ratio:10:6:5:6 Omphalia, Flos Lonicerae, Fructus Forsythiae, Rhizoma Coptidis, Cortex Phellodendri continuously decoct
The admixing medical solutions for obtaining for three times, it is decoct medicine 5 times that amount of water is decocted every time.
Further, the medicinal liquid A described in step (4) is pressed by Flos Lonicerae, Herba Houttuyniae, Radix Isatidis, Folium Artemisiae Argyi, Cortex cinnamomi japonici (Ramulus Cinnamomi), Fructus Foeniculi, Calomelass
Its weight ratio is 8:10:6:5:10:5:1 makes, and its system is with step：After first adding 3 times of weight portion water to soak 7 days Flos Lonicerae
Leachate is obtained, adds the water of 4 times of weight portions continuously to decoct three times to obtain medicinal liquid together with Herba Houttuyniae, Radix Isatidis, Folium Artemisiae Argyi, Cortex cinnamomi japonici (Ramulus Cinnamomi), Fructus Foeniculi, then
The medicinal liquid and leachate are heated to into boiling adds Calomelass stirring and evenly mixing to obtain final product medicinal liquid A.
Further, the herb liquid B described in step (5) is by Omphalia, Herba Asari, Semen Torreyae, Moschus by weight 11:15:8:1
Ratio make, its system is with step：First Omphalia, Herba Asari, Semen Torreyae are ground to form into respectively the powder and Moschus moschiferouss that particle diameter is 0.2-0.4mm
Perfume (or spice) is placed in decoction pot, and adds the water of its 6 times of weight portion of gross weight to be decocted to boiling, filters to obtain medicinal liquid one, then adds 5-6
The water of times weight portion is decocted to boiling, filters to obtain medicinal liquid two, then is decocted once, obtains medicinal liquid three, and three gained medicinal liquids are carried out
After being mixed, herb liquid B is obtained final product.
Embodiment 3
A kind of prevention and controls of the white bath disease of southern magnolia, concrete steps include as follows：
(1) select sand soil of the gradient less than 30 degree to cultivate ground, in the winter time December carry out ploughing deeply 40cm to cultivation, and often
Mu applies 2150kg decomposed cow dungs and the compound fertilizer 75kg of N15-P12-K20 makees base fertilizer, and ground is cultivated first for per mu in 2 month of next spring
After applying 70kg mulch material, then rake after the 30cm that carries out turning over, and make wide 100cm, the furrow of high 30cm, furrow spacing is 240cm；
(2) the stalk section 2-3cm for making first to be inserted in diameter 40cm, the hole of deep 40cm, hole 3cm length in furrow face is thick, then
The thick decomposed manures of 10cm are further filled with, southern magnolia seedling is put in hole so as to which root hair radially stretches to surrounding, bankets
Mentioning seedling upwards after Seedling root upwards 10cm launches root hair, then pour it is permeable carry out having peace of mind, and fixed with triangle shelf；
(3) transplanting must be carried out dipping in slurry process with mud medicine slurry to southern magnolia tree seedling root, make tree seedling root to be moistened with mud medicine slurry, other clay fertilizers
Water management is cultivated according to a conventional method；
(4) after southern magnolia seedling survives, weeding is monthly set and sprays a medicinal liquid A entirely in combination, continuous 5 times；
(5) annual autumn September part, with reference to the autumn rural area is turned over, per 3 medical liquid Bs of thorough tree sprinkling, continuous 2 times.
Further, the mulch material described in step (1) is 2 by weight ratio:1:8 Cosan, Realgar powder, clever shell are made.
Further, the mud medicine slurry described in step (3) is by medicinal liquid C, muck soil by weight 4:1 mixing is formed.
Further, medicinal liquid C is 8 by weight ratio:10:6:5:6 Omphalia, Flos Lonicerae, Fructus Forsythiae, Rhizoma Coptidis, Cortex Phellodendri continuously decoct
The admixing medical solutions for obtaining for three times, it is decoct medicine 5 times that amount of water is decocted every time.
Further, the medicinal liquid A described in step (4) is pressed by Flos Lonicerae, Herba Houttuyniae, Radix Isatidis, Folium Artemisiae Argyi, Cortex cinnamomi japonici (Ramulus Cinnamomi), Fructus Foeniculi, Calomelass
Its weight ratio is 8:10:6:5:10:5:1 makes, and its system is with step：After first adding 3 times of weight portion water to soak 7 days Flos Lonicerae
Leachate is obtained, adds the water of 4 times of weight portions continuously to decoct three times to obtain medicinal liquid together with Herba Houttuyniae, Radix Isatidis, Folium Artemisiae Argyi, Cortex cinnamomi japonici (Ramulus Cinnamomi), Fructus Foeniculi, then
The medicinal liquid and leachate are heated to into boiling adds Calomelass stirring and evenly mixing to obtain final product medicinal liquid A.
Further, the herb liquid B described in step (5) is by Omphalia, Herba Asari, Semen Torreyae, Moschus by weight 11:15:8:1
Ratio make, its system is with step：First Omphalia, Herba Asari, Semen Torreyae are ground to form into respectively the powder and Moschus moschiferouss that particle diameter is 0.2-0.4mm
Perfume (or spice) is placed in decoction pot, and adds the water of its 6 times of weight portion of gross weight to be decocted to boiling, filters to obtain medicinal liquid one, then plus 5 times
The water of weight portion is decocted to boiling, filters to obtain medicinal liquid two, then is decocted once, obtains medicinal liquid three, and three gained medicinal liquids are mixed
After, herb liquid B is obtained final product.
It is divided into four different plot with 400 mu of planting site, wherein three each 100 mu of plot are entered using the method for the present invention
Row cultivates southern magnolia, and in addition 100 mu carry out cultivation southern magnolia using conventional method, draw such as the data of table 1；
Table 1
| Root hair disease sickness rate | Summer and autumn white bath disease sickness rate | Plant situation and growing way | |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.2-0.7% | 0.8-1.8% | Rarely white bath disease, flourishing, root hair prosperity |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.5-1% | 1.5-3% | Rarely white bath disease, flourishing, root hair prosperity |
| Embodiment 3 | 0-0.4% | 2.2-2.8% | Rarely white bath disease, flourishing, root hair prosperity |
| Conventional method | 30-34% | 50-60% | Weak branch has morbidity, and part root hair has disease |
The incidence rate that can obtain the root hair disease after southern magnolia transplanting from table 1 is substantially reduced, and promotes the branch and leaf of southern magnolia luxuriant, root hair
It is many, its resistance against diseases is improved, with culture high-quality stalwartness nursery stock and the method for preventing and treating white bath disease.
Claims (6)
1. prevention and controls of a kind of southern magnolia white bath disease, it is characterised in that concrete steps include as follows：
(1) select the gradient less than 30 degree sand soil for cultivate ground, in the winter time December to cultivation carry out ploughing deeply 40-50cm,
And per mu applied 2100-2150kg decomposed cow dungs and the compound fertilizer 75-80kg of N15-P12-K20 makees base fertilizer, in month next spring 2
Cultivate ground for per mu first to apply after 60-70kg mulch material, then rake after the 30-40cm that carries out turning over, and make wide 100cm, high 30cm's
Furrow, furrow spacing is 200-240cm；
(2) the stalk section 2-3cm that 3-4cm length is first inserted in diameter 40-50cm, the hole of deep 30-40cm, hole is made in furrow face
Thickness, is then further filled with the thick decomposed manures of 10-15cm, southern magnolia seedling is put in hole so as to which root hair is radially to four
Zhou Shenzhan, bankets and mentions seedling upwards after Seedling root upwards 10cm and launch root hair, then pour it is permeable carry out having peace of mind, and use triangle
Shelf is fixed；
(3) transplanting must be carried out dipping in slurry process with mud medicine slurry to southern magnolia tree seedling root, make tree seedling root to be moistened with mud medicine slurry, other clay fertilizers
Water management is cultivated according to a conventional method；
(4) after southern magnolia seedling survives, monthly full tree sprays a medicinal liquid A to weeding in combination, continuous 4-5 time；
(5) annual autumn September part, with reference to the autumn rural area is turned over, continuous 2-3 time per 3 medical liquid Bs of thorough tree sprinkling.
2. a kind of prevention and controls of southern magnolia white bath disease according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the shield described in step (1)
Root material is 2 by weight ratio:1:8 Cosan, Realgar powder, clever shell are made.
3. a kind of prevention and controls of southern magnolia white bath disease according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the mud described in step (3)
Medicine slurry is by medicinal liquid C, muck soil by weight 4:1 mixing is formed.
4. prevention and controls of a kind of southern magnolia white bath disease according to claim 3, it is characterised in that medicinal liquid C is by weight ratio
8:10:6:5:6 Omphalia, Flos Lonicerae, Fructus Forsythiae, Rhizoma Coptidis, Cortex Phellodendri continuously decocts three admixing medical solutions for obtaining, and decocts add water every time
Measure to decoct 5 times of medicine.
5. a kind of prevention and controls of southern magnolia white bath disease according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the medicine described in step (4)
Liquid A is by Flos Lonicerae, Herba Houttuyniae, Radix Isatidis, Folium Artemisiae Argyi, Cortex cinnamomi japonici (Ramulus Cinnamomi), Fructus Foeniculi, Calomelass by weight 8:10:6:5:10:5:1 makes,
Its system is with step：First 3 times of weight portion water are added to obtain leachate after soaking 7 days Flos Lonicerae, together with Herba Houttuyniae, Radix Isatidis, Chinese mugwort
Leaf, Cortex cinnamomi japonici (Ramulus Cinnamomi), Fructus Foeniculi add the continuous decoction of the water of 4 times of weight portions to obtain medicinal liquid for three times, then the medicinal liquid and leachate are heated to into boiling addition
Calomelass stirring and evenly mixing obtains final product medicinal liquid A.
6. prevention and controls of a kind of southern magnolia white bath disease according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described in step (5)
Medical liquid B is by Omphalia, Herba Asari, Semen Torreyae, Moschus by weight 11:15:8:1 ratio is made, and its system is with step：First by thunder
Ball, Herba Asari, Semen Torreyae grind to form respectively the powder and Moschus that particle diameter is 0.2-0.4mm and are placed in decoction pot, and add its gross weight
The water of 5-6 times of weight portion of amount is decocted to boiling, filters to obtain medicinal liquid one, then adds the water of 5-6 times of weight portion to be decocted to boiling, mistake
Medicinal liquid two is filtered to obtain, then is decocted once, obtain medicinal liquid three, after three gained medicinal liquids are mixed, obtain final product herb liquid B.
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| CN107347603A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-11-17 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | State's orchid antibacterial matrix and state's orchid simplified cultivation method |
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| CN104488494A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-04-08 | 安顺市西秀区春实绿化苗木有限公司 | Efficient magnolia grandiflora cultivation method |
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| CN107347603A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-11-17 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | State's orchid antibacterial matrix and state's orchid simplified cultivation method |
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