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Review
. 2018 Jun 18:8:226.
doi: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00226. eCollection 2018.

Non-Coding RNAs and Resistance to Anticancer Drugs in Gastrointestinal Tumors

Jens C Hahne  1 , Nicola Valeri  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Non-Coding RNAs and Resistance to Anticancer Drugs in Gastrointestinal Tumors

Jens C Hahne et al. Front Oncol. .

Abstract

Non-coding RNAs are important regulators of gene expression and transcription. It is well established that impaired non-coding RNA expression especially the one of long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs is involved in a number of pathological conditions including cancer. Non-coding RNAs are responsible for the development of resistance to anticancer treatments as they regulate drug resistance-related genes, affect intracellular drug concentrations, induce alternative signaling pathways, alter drug efficiency via blocking cell cycle regulation, and DNA damage response. Furthermore, they can prevent therapeutic-induced cell death and promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and elicit non-cell autonomous mechanisms of resistance. In this review, we summarize the role of non-coding RNAs for different mechanisms resulting in drug resistance (e.g., drug transport, drug metabolism, cell cycle regulation, regulation of apoptotic pathways, cancer stem cells, and EMT) in the context of gastrointestinal cancers.

Keywords: anticancer drugs; cancer therapy; gastrointestinal tumor; lncRNA; microRNA; non-coding RNA; resistance.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Role of non-coding RNAs for the different reasons that can cause resistance to anticancer drugs in liver cancer. For details about target genes and regulated protein expression by the non-coding RNAs, see text.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Role of non-coding RNAs for the different reasons that can cause resistance to anticancer drugs in esophageal cancer. For details about target genes and regulated protein expression by the non-coding RNAs, see text.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Role of non-coding RNAs for the different reasons that can cause resistance to anticancer drugs in gastric cancer. For details about target genes and regulated protein expression by the non-coding RNAs, see text.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Role of non-coding RNAs for the different reasons that can cause resistance to anticancer drugs in colon and colorectal cancer. For details about target genes and regulated protein expression by the non-coding RNAs, see text.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Role of non-coding RNAs for the different reasons that can cause resistance to anticancer drugs in pancreatic cancer. For details about target genes and regulated protein expression by the non-coding RNAs, see text.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Role of non-coding RNAs for the different reasons that can cause resistance to anticancer drugs in gastrointestinal stromal cancer. For details about target genes and regulated protein expression by the non-coding RNAs, see text.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Role of non-coding RNAs for the different reasons that can cause resistance to anticancer drugs in cholangiocarcinoma. For details about target genes and regulated protein expression by the non-coding RNAs, see text.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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