Institutional arrangements for conservation, development and tourism in Eastern and Southern Africa : a dynamic perspective
René van der Duim (Editor), Machiel Lamers (Editor), Jakomijn van Wijk (Editor)
This book presents an overview of different institutional arrangements for tourism, biodiversity conservation and rural poverty reduction in eastern and southern Africa. These approaches range from conservancies in Namibia, community-based organizations in Botswana, conservation enterprises in Kenya, private game reserves in South Africa, to sport hunting in Uganda and transfrontier conservation areas. The book presents a comparative analysis of these arrangements and highlights that most arrangements emerged in the 1990s through either a decentralized or centralized change trajectory that wa
1 online resource (xx, 265 pages) : illustrations (some color)
9789401795296, 9401795290
895661132
Preface; Contents; Contributors; Terms and Abbreviations; List of Figures; List of Tables; Chapter 1: Novel Institutional Arrangements for Tourism, Conservation and Development in Eastern and Southern Africa; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Understanding Innovative Institutional Arrangements; Box 1.1: The African Parks Network; 1.3 Outline of the Book; 1.4 In Conclusion; References; Chapter 2: From Exploitation to Ownership: Wildlife-Based Tourism and Communal Area Conservancies in Namibia; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 The Conservancy Approach and Its Main Institutional Features. 2.3 The Drivers of Policy Change for the Conservancy Approach; 2.4 Community Involvement in Tourism Businesses in Conservancies; 2.4.1 Model 1: Ownership and Management by the Private Sector Partner Which Pays Some Fees to the Community; 2.4.2 Model 2: Private Sector Partner "Owns" the Profit and Loss, with Conservancy Providing Capital; 2.4.2.1 Model 2a: Conservancy Part Finances Lodge Development with Private Sector; 2.4.2.2 Model 2b: Conservancy Fully Owns the Lodge but the Private Sector Owns the Business; 2.4.3 Model 3: Conservancy Owns Equity in a Lodge Ownership and Management Company. 2.4.4 Model 4: Conservancy Owns the Lodge and the Business and Outsources the Management to Private Sector Partner; 2.4.5 Model 5: Conservancy Owns and Manages the Business and the Assets and Has No Private Sector Partner; 2.4.6 Comparative Analysis of the Models; 2.5 Prospects and Challenges for the Conservancy Approach; 2.5.1 Conserving Wildlife; 2.5.2 Contributing to Livelihoods; 2.5.3 Governance Challenges; 2.6 Conclusions; References; Chapter 3: The Tsiseb Conservancy: How Communities, the State and the Market Struggle for Its Success; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 The Tsiseb Conservancy. Box 3.1: The Namibian Community-Based Tourism Association (NACOBTA); 3.3 Governing Tsiseb Conservancy: Opportunities and Challenges; 3.3.1 Governance at the Conservancy Level; 3.3.2 Struggles Over Brandberg Mountain: The Interplay Between the State and Local Communities; 3.3.3 Struggles Over Brandberg Mountain: The Role of the National Heritage Council; 3.3.4 Struggles Over the Ugab River: The Interplay Between the Market and Local Communities; 3.4 Conclusions; References; Chapter 4: Community-Based Natural Resource Management in Botswana; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Study Area and Approach. 4.3 Institutional Arrangements of CBNRM in Botswana; 4.3.1 Definition and Formation of CBOs and Trusts; 4.3.2 Governance and Functions of Trusts and CBOs; 4.3.3 CBNRM and Joint Venture Partnerships (JVPs); 4.3.4 Number of CBNRM Communities; 4.3.5 Total Surface Area for CBNRM Development; 4.4 CBNRM Contributions to Rural Livelihoods; 4.4.1 Employment Opportunities; 4.4.2 Financial Benefits from Tourism Development; 4.4.3 Financing of Social Services from CBNRM Revenue; 4.4.4 Modern Equipment Financed by CBNRM Revenue; 4.5 CBNRM Contribution to Conservation