ruby/logger@ae4c6df

`ruby test/logger/test_xxx.rb`

ruby/logger@d3c2402

ruby/logger@f10ce9f

ruby/logger@255a51d

ruby/logger@1335a71

ruby/logger@1e2aab4

ruby/logger@2dc832e

This should allow reopen to work.  Requested in ruby issue #14595.

ruby/logger@bd367af

Without binmode strings with incompatible encoding can't be written in
the file. This is very common in applications that log user provided
parameters.

We need to allow changing the binnary mode because right now it is impossible to use
the built-in log rotation feature when you provide a File object to the
LogDevice, and if you provide a filename you can't have binmode.

ruby/logger@9114b3a

to suppress many warnings of Coverity Scan

If `emesg` is `Qundef`, it is not a message string and then `elen`
(the length of the message) is 0.  So `emesg` cannot be `Qundef` in
the `elen != 0` block.  Pointed out by Coverity Scan.

Set osx_image under each configuration, as it decides the OS (and
kernel) version not only Xcode version, and the configuration name
contains the kernel version.

I think it's been stable these days.

Formerly we did f432fd6, but it did not
eliminate our problems: https://travis-ci.org/ruby/ruby/jobs/564804923

No `brew update` causes "Error: Your Homebrew is outdated" like https://travis-ci.org/ruby/ruby/jobs/547485832,
but doing `brew update` is also problematic like https://travis-ci.org/ruby/ruby/jobs/564916879.

Hoping that the former case is more rare, let's try no `brew update`
again.

and thus it does not work with `-v` for investigating hangs well.
This seems to be by design: travis-ci/travis-ci#4190

Also I simplified a comment about `homebrew.update`.
I had this in-flight change while editing e05f397
but forgot to ammend this.

I forgot to amend again... Details are explained in
f6a6b21

Unescaped dot does not mean a suffix.

Suffix needs a dot and should match the end of string.

Fixes [Bug #14062]

The result should only be tainted if the path given to the method
was tainted.

The code to always taint the result was added in
a4934a4 (svn revision 4892) in
2003 by matz.  However, the change wasn't mentioned in the
commit message, and it may have been committed by accident.

Skip part of a readline test that uses Reline.  Reline in general
would pass the test, but Reline's test mode doesn't raise a
SecurityError if passing a tainted prompt and $SAFE >= 1. This
was hidden earlier because File#path was always returning a
tainted string.

Fixes [Bug #14485]

…kip]

This reverts commit 1a759bf.

This fails on some operating systems.

Reported by chucke (Tiago Cardoso).
Patch by jeremyevans0 (Jeremy Evans).
[Bug #14612]

for example:
```
class C;def initialize(pat);@pat=pat;end;def re;/#{@pat}/o;end;end
C.new('1').re #=> /1/
C.new('2').re #=> /1/
```

homebrew-cask fetch fails too often.
https://dev.azure.com/rubylang/ruby/_build/results?buildId=1917

The result should only be tainted if the path given to the method
was tainted.

The code to always taint the result was added in
a4934a4 (svn revision 4892) in
2003 by matz.  However, the change wasn't mentioned in the
commit message, and it may have been committed by accident.

Skip part of a readline test that uses Reline.  Reline in general
would pass the test, but Reline's test mode doesn't raise a
SecurityError if passing a tainted prompt and $SAFE >= 1. This
was hidden earlier because File#path was always returning a
tainted string.

Fixes [Bug #14485]

This commit adds a specialized instruction for called to `.nil?`.  It is
about 27% faster than master in the case where the object is nil or not
nil.  In the case where an object implements `nil?`, I think it may be
slightly slower.  Here is a benchmark:

```ruby
require "benchmark/ips"

class Niller
  def nil?; true; end
end

not_nil = Object.new
xnil = nil
niller = Niller.new

Benchmark.ips do |x|
  x.report("nil?")    { xnil.nil? }
  x.report("not nil") { not_nil.nil? }
  x.report("niller")   { niller.nil? }
end
```

On Ruby master:

```
[aaron@TC ~/g/ruby (master)]$ ./ruby compil.rb
Warming up --------------------------------------
                nil?   429.195k i/100ms
             not nil   437.889k i/100ms
              niller   437.935k i/100ms
Calculating -------------------------------------
                nil?     20.166M (± 8.1%) i/s -    100.002M in   5.002794s
             not nil     20.046M (± 7.6%) i/s -     99.839M in   5.020086s
              niller     22.467M (± 6.1%) i/s -    112.111M in   5.013817s
[aaron@TC ~/g/ruby (master)]$ ./ruby compil.rb
Warming up --------------------------------------
                nil?   449.660k i/100ms
             not nil   433.836k i/100ms
              niller   443.073k i/100ms
Calculating -------------------------------------
                nil?     19.997M (± 8.8%) i/s -     99.375M in   5.020458s
             not nil     20.529M (± 7.0%) i/s -    102.385M in   5.020689s
              niller     21.796M (± 8.0%) i/s -    108.110M in   5.002300s
[aaron@TC ~/g/ruby (master)]$ ./ruby compil.rb
Warming up --------------------------------------
                nil?   402.119k i/100ms
             not nil   438.968k i/100ms
              niller   398.226k i/100ms
Calculating -------------------------------------
                nil?     20.050M (±12.2%) i/s -     98.519M in   5.008817s
             not nil     20.614M (± 8.0%) i/s -    102.280M in   5.004531s
              niller     22.223M (± 8.8%) i/s -    110.309M in   5.013106s

```

On this branch:

```
[aaron@TC ~/g/ruby (specialized-nilp)]$ ./ruby compil.rb
Warming up --------------------------------------
                nil?   468.371k i/100ms
             not nil   456.517k i/100ms
              niller   454.981k i/100ms
Calculating -------------------------------------
                nil?     27.849M (± 7.8%) i/s -    138.169M in   5.001730s
             not nil     26.417M (± 8.7%) i/s -    131.020M in   5.011674s
              niller     21.561M (± 7.5%) i/s -    107.376M in   5.018113s
[aaron@TC ~/g/ruby (specialized-nilp)]$ ./ruby compil.rb
Warming up --------------------------------------
                nil?   477.259k i/100ms
             not nil   428.712k i/100ms
              niller   446.109k i/100ms
Calculating -------------------------------------
                nil?     28.071M (± 7.3%) i/s -    139.837M in   5.016590s
             not nil     25.789M (±12.9%) i/s -    126.470M in   5.011144s
              niller     20.002M (±12.2%) i/s -     98.144M in   5.001737s
[aaron@TC ~/g/ruby (specialized-nilp)]$ ./ruby compil.rb
Warming up --------------------------------------
                nil?   467.676k i/100ms
             not nil   445.791k i/100ms
              niller   415.024k i/100ms
Calculating -------------------------------------
                nil?     26.907M (± 8.0%) i/s -    133.755M in   5.013915s
             not nil     25.319M (± 7.9%) i/s -    125.713M in   5.007758s
              niller     19.569M (±11.8%) i/s -     96.286M in   5.008533s
```

Co-Authored-By: Ashe Connor <kivikakk@github.com>