ruby / ruby

marcandre Optimize calls to `Kernel#hash` (#3987 )

Latest commit db2ebbd

Dec 24, 2020

This avoids recursive checks when the `hash` method of an object
isn't specialized.

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	/**********************************************************************

	vm_eval.c -

	$Author$
	created at: Sat May 24 16:02:32 JST 2008

	Copyright (C) 1993-2007 Yukihiro Matsumoto
	Copyright (C) 2000 Network Applied Communication Laboratory, Inc.
	Copyright (C) 2000 Information-technology Promotion Agency, Japan

	**********************************************************************/

	struct local_var_list {
	VALUE tbl;
	};

	static inline VALUE method_missing(rb_execution_context_t ec, VALUE obj, ID id, int argc, const VALUE argv, enum method_missing_reason call_status, int kw_splat);
	static inline VALUE vm_yield_with_cref(rb_execution_context_t ec, int argc, const VALUE argv, int kw_splat, const rb_cref_t *cref, int is_lambda);
	static inline VALUE vm_yield(rb_execution_context_t ec, int argc, const VALUE argv, int kw_splat);
	static inline VALUE vm_yield_with_block(rb_execution_context_t ec, int argc, const VALUE argv, VALUE block_handler, int kw_splat);
	static inline VALUE vm_yield_force_blockarg(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE args);
	VALUE vm_exec(rb_execution_context_t *ec, bool mjit_enable_p);
	static void vm_set_eval_stack(rb_execution_context_t * th, const rb_iseq_t iseq, const rb_cref_t cref, const struct rb_block *base_block);
	static int vm_collect_local_variables_in_heap(const VALUE dfp, const struct local_var_list vars);

	static VALUE rb_eUncaughtThrow;
	static ID id_result, id_tag, id_value;
	#define id_mesg idMesg

	typedef enum call_type {
	CALL_PUBLIC,
	CALL_FCALL,
	CALL_VCALL,
	CALL_PUBLIC_KW,
	CALL_FCALL_KW,
	CALL_TYPE_MAX
	} call_type;

	static VALUE send_internal(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE recv, call_type scope);
	static VALUE vm_call0_body(rb_execution_context_t* ec, struct rb_calling_info calling, const VALUE argv);

	#ifndef MJIT_HEADER

	MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
	rb_vm_call0(rb_execution_context_t ec, VALUE recv, ID id, int argc, const VALUE argv, const rb_callable_method_entry_t *cme, int kw_splat)
	{
	struct rb_calling_info calling = {
	.ci = &VM_CI_ON_STACK(id, kw_splat ? VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT : 0, argc, NULL),
	.cc = &VM_CC_ON_STACK(Qfalse, vm_call_general, { 0 }, cme),
	.block_handler = VM_BLOCK_HANDLER_NONE,
	.recv = recv,
	.argc = argc,
	.kw_splat = kw_splat,
	};

	return vm_call0_body(ec, &calling, argv);
	}

	static VALUE
	vm_call0_cfunc_with_frame(rb_execution_context_t* ec, struct rb_calling_info calling, const VALUE argv)
	{
	const struct rb_callinfo *ci = calling->ci;
	const struct rb_callcache *cc = calling->cc;
	VALUE val;
	const rb_callable_method_entry_t *me = vm_cc_cme(cc);
	const rb_method_cfunc_t *cfunc = UNALIGNED_MEMBER_PTR(me->def, body.cfunc);
	int len = cfunc->argc;
	VALUE recv = calling->recv;
	int argc = calling->argc;
	ID mid = vm_ci_mid(ci);
	VALUE block_handler = calling->block_handler;
	int frame_flags = VM_FRAME_MAGIC_CFUNC \| VM_FRAME_FLAG_CFRAME \| VM_ENV_FLAG_LOCAL;

	if (calling->kw_splat) {
	if (argc > 0 && RB_TYPE_P(argv[argc-1], T_HASH) && RHASH_EMPTY_P(argv[argc-1])) {
	argc--;
	}
	else {
	frame_flags \|= VM_FRAME_FLAG_CFRAME_KW;
	}
	}

	RUBY_DTRACE_CMETHOD_ENTRY_HOOK(ec, me->owner, me->def->original_id);
	EXEC_EVENT_HOOK(ec, RUBY_EVENT_C_CALL, recv, me->def->original_id, mid, me->owner, Qnil);
	{
	rb_control_frame_t *reg_cfp = ec->cfp;

	vm_push_frame(ec, 0, frame_flags, recv,
	block_handler, (VALUE)me,
	0, reg_cfp->sp, 0, 0);

	if (len >= 0) rb_check_arity(argc, len, len);

	val = (*cfunc->invoker)(recv, argc, argv, cfunc->func);

	CHECK_CFP_CONSISTENCY("vm_call0_cfunc_with_frame");
	rb_vm_pop_frame(ec);
	}
	EXEC_EVENT_HOOK(ec, RUBY_EVENT_C_RETURN, recv, me->def->original_id, mid, me->owner, val);
	RUBY_DTRACE_CMETHOD_RETURN_HOOK(ec, me->owner, me->def->original_id);

	return val;
	}

	static VALUE
	vm_call0_cfunc(rb_execution_context_t ec, struct rb_calling_info calling, const VALUE *argv)
	{
	return vm_call0_cfunc_with_frame(ec, calling, argv);
	}

	/* `ci' should point temporal value (on stack value) */
	static VALUE
	vm_call0_body(rb_execution_context_t ec, struct rb_calling_info calling, const VALUE *argv)
	{
	const struct rb_callinfo *ci = calling->ci;
	const struct rb_callcache *cc = calling->cc;

	VALUE ret;

	calling->block_handler = vm_passed_block_handler(ec);

	again:
	switch (vm_cc_cme(cc)->def->type) {
	case VM_METHOD_TYPE_ISEQ:
	{
	rb_control_frame_t *reg_cfp = ec->cfp;
	int i;

	CHECK_VM_STACK_OVERFLOW(reg_cfp, calling->argc + 1);
	vm_check_canary(ec, reg_cfp->sp);

	*reg_cfp->sp++ = calling->recv;
	for (i = 0; i < calling->argc; i++) {
	*reg_cfp->sp++ = argv[i];
	}

	vm_call_iseq_setup(ec, reg_cfp, calling);
	VM_ENV_FLAGS_SET(ec->cfp->ep, VM_FRAME_FLAG_FINISH);
	return vm_exec(ec, true); /* CHECK_INTS in this function */
	}
	case VM_METHOD_TYPE_NOTIMPLEMENTED:
	case VM_METHOD_TYPE_CFUNC:
	ret = vm_call0_cfunc(ec, calling, argv);
	goto success;
	case VM_METHOD_TYPE_ATTRSET:
	if (calling->kw_splat &&
	calling->argc > 0 &&
	RB_TYPE_P(argv[calling->argc-1], T_HASH) &&
	RHASH_EMPTY_P(argv[calling->argc-1])) {
	calling->argc--;
	}

	rb_check_arity(calling->argc, 1, 1);
	ret = rb_ivar_set(calling->recv, vm_cc_cme(cc)->def->body.attr.id, argv[0]);
	goto success;
	case VM_METHOD_TYPE_IVAR:
	if (calling->kw_splat &&
	calling->argc > 0 &&
	RB_TYPE_P(argv[calling->argc-1], T_HASH) &&
	RHASH_EMPTY_P(argv[calling->argc-1])) {
	calling->argc--;
	}

	rb_check_arity(calling->argc, 0, 0);
	ret = rb_attr_get(calling->recv, vm_cc_cme(cc)->def->body.attr.id);
	goto success;
	case VM_METHOD_TYPE_BMETHOD:
	ret = vm_call_bmethod_body(ec, calling, argv);
	goto success;
	case VM_METHOD_TYPE_ZSUPER:
	case VM_METHOD_TYPE_REFINED:
	{
	const rb_method_type_t type = vm_cc_cme(cc)->def->type;
	VALUE super_class = vm_cc_cme(cc)->defined_class;

	if (type == VM_METHOD_TYPE_ZSUPER) {
	super_class = RCLASS_ORIGIN(super_class);
	}
	else if (vm_cc_cme(cc)->def->body.refined.orig_me) {
	vm_cc_cme_set(cc, refined_method_callable_without_refinement(vm_cc_cme(cc)));
	goto again;
	}

	super_class = RCLASS_SUPER(super_class);
	if (super_class) {
	vm_cc_cme_set(cc, rb_callable_method_entry(super_class, vm_ci_mid(ci)));
	if (vm_cc_cme(cc)) {
	RUBY_VM_CHECK_INTS(ec);
	goto again;
	}
	}

	enum method_missing_reason ex = (type == VM_METHOD_TYPE_ZSUPER) ? MISSING_SUPER : 0;
	ret = method_missing(ec, calling->recv, vm_ci_mid(ci), calling->argc, argv, ex, calling->kw_splat);
	goto success;
	}
	case VM_METHOD_TYPE_ALIAS:
	vm_cc_cme_set(cc, aliased_callable_method_entry(vm_cc_cme(cc)));
	goto again;
	case VM_METHOD_TYPE_MISSING:
	{
	vm_passed_block_handler_set(ec, calling->block_handler);
	return method_missing(ec, calling->recv, vm_ci_mid(ci), calling->argc,
	argv, MISSING_NOENTRY, calling->kw_splat);
	}
	case VM_METHOD_TYPE_OPTIMIZED:
	switch (vm_cc_cme(cc)->def->body.optimize_type) {
	case OPTIMIZED_METHOD_TYPE_SEND:
	ret = send_internal(calling->argc, argv, calling->recv, calling->kw_splat ? CALL_FCALL_KW : CALL_FCALL);
	goto success;
	case OPTIMIZED_METHOD_TYPE_CALL:
	{
	rb_proc_t *proc;
	GetProcPtr(calling->recv, proc);
	ret = rb_vm_invoke_proc(ec, proc, calling->argc, argv, calling->kw_splat, calling->block_handler);
	goto success;
	}
	default:
	rb_bug("vm_call0: unsupported optimized method type (%d)", vm_cc_cme(cc)->def->body.optimize_type);
	}
	break;
	case VM_METHOD_TYPE_UNDEF:
	break;
	}
	rb_bug("vm_call0: unsupported method type (%d)", vm_cc_cme(cc)->def->type);
	return Qundef;

	success:
	RUBY_VM_CHECK_INTS(ec);
	return ret;
	}

	MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
	rb_vm_call_kw(rb_execution_context_t ec, VALUE recv, VALUE id, int argc, const VALUE argv, const rb_callable_method_entry_t *me, int kw_splat)
	{
	return rb_vm_call0(ec, recv, id, argc, argv, me, kw_splat);
	}

	static inline VALUE
	vm_call_super(rb_execution_context_t ec, int argc, const VALUE argv, int kw_splat)
	{
	VALUE recv = ec->cfp->self;
	VALUE klass;
	ID id;
	rb_control_frame_t *cfp = ec->cfp;
	const rb_callable_method_entry_t *me = rb_vm_frame_method_entry(cfp);

	if (VM_FRAME_RUBYFRAME_P(cfp)) {
	rb_bug("vm_call_super: should not be reached");
	}

	klass = RCLASS_ORIGIN(me->defined_class);
	klass = RCLASS_SUPER(klass);
	id = me->def->original_id;
	me = rb_callable_method_entry(klass, id);

	if (!me) {
	return method_missing(ec, recv, id, argc, argv, MISSING_SUPER, kw_splat);
	}
	return rb_vm_call_kw(ec, recv, id, argc, argv, me, kw_splat);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_call_super_kw(int argc, const VALUE *argv, int kw_splat)
	{
	rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
	PASS_PASSED_BLOCK_HANDLER_EC(ec);
	return vm_call_super(ec, argc, argv, kw_splat);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_call_super(int argc, const VALUE *argv)
	{
	rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
	PASS_PASSED_BLOCK_HANDLER_EC(ec);
	return vm_call_super(ec, argc, argv, RB_NO_KEYWORDS);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_current_receiver(void)
	{
	const rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
	rb_control_frame_t *cfp;
	if (!ec \|\| !(cfp = ec->cfp)) {
	rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "no self, no life");
	}
	return cfp->self;
	}

	#endif /* #ifndef MJIT_HEADER */

	static inline void
	stack_check(rb_execution_context_t *ec)
	{
	if (!rb_ec_raised_p(ec, RAISED_STACKOVERFLOW) &&
	rb_ec_stack_check(ec)) {
	rb_ec_raised_set(ec, RAISED_STACKOVERFLOW);
	rb_ec_stack_overflow(ec, FALSE);
	}
	}

	#ifndef MJIT_HEADER

	static inline const rb_callable_method_entry_t *rb_search_method_entry(VALUE recv, ID mid);
	static inline enum method_missing_reason rb_method_call_status(rb_execution_context_t ec, const rb_callable_method_entry_t me, call_type scope, VALUE self);

	/*!
	* \internal
	* calls the specified method.
	*
	* This function is called by functions in rb_call* family.
	* \param ec current execution context
	* \param recv receiver of the method
	* \param mid an ID that represents the name of the method
	* \param argc the number of method arguments
	* \param argv a pointer to an array of method arguments
	* \param scope
	* \param self self in the caller. Qundef means no self is considered and
	* protected methods cannot be called
	*
	* \note \a self is used in order to controlling access to protected methods.
	*/
	static inline VALUE
	rb_call0(rb_execution_context_t *ec,
	VALUE recv, ID mid, int argc, const VALUE *argv,
	call_type call_scope, VALUE self)
	{
	const rb_callable_method_entry_t *me;
	enum method_missing_reason call_status;
	call_type scope = call_scope;
	int kw_splat = RB_NO_KEYWORDS;

	switch(scope) {
	case(CALL_PUBLIC_KW):
	scope = CALL_PUBLIC;
	kw_splat = 1;
	break;
	case(CALL_FCALL_KW):
	scope = CALL_FCALL;
	kw_splat = 1;
	break;
	default:
	break;
	}

	if (scope == CALL_PUBLIC) {
	RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(call0_public);
	me = rb_callable_method_entry_with_refinements(CLASS_OF(recv), mid, NULL);
	}
	else {
	RB_DEBUG_COUNTER_INC(call0_other);
	me = rb_search_method_entry(recv, mid);
	}
	call_status = rb_method_call_status(ec, me, scope, self);

	if (call_status != MISSING_NONE) {
	return method_missing(ec, recv, mid, argc, argv, call_status, kw_splat);
	}
	stack_check(ec);
	return rb_vm_call_kw(ec, recv, mid, argc, argv, me, kw_splat);
	}

	struct rescue_funcall_args {
	VALUE defined_class;
	VALUE recv;
	ID mid;
	rb_execution_context_t *ec;
	const rb_callable_method_entry_t *cme;
	unsigned int respond: 1;
	unsigned int respond_to_missing: 1;
	int argc;
	const VALUE *argv;
	int kw_splat;
	};

	static VALUE
	check_funcall_exec(VALUE v)
	{
	struct rescue_funcall_args args = (void )v;
	return call_method_entry(args->ec, args->defined_class,
	args->recv, idMethodMissing,
	args->cme, args->argc, args->argv, args->kw_splat);
	}

	static VALUE
	check_funcall_failed(VALUE v, VALUE e)
	{
	struct rescue_funcall_args args = (void )v;
	int ret = args->respond;
	if (!ret) {
	switch (method_boundp(args->defined_class, args->mid,
	BOUND_PRIVATE\|BOUND_RESPONDS)) {
	case 2:
	ret = TRUE;
	break;
	case 0:
	ret = args->respond_to_missing;
	break;
	default:
	ret = FALSE;
	break;
	}
	}
	if (ret) {
	rb_exc_raise(e);
	}
	return Qundef;
	}

	static int
	check_funcall_respond_to(rb_execution_context_t *ec, VALUE klass, VALUE recv, ID mid)
	{
	return vm_respond_to(ec, klass, recv, mid, TRUE);
	}

	static int
	check_funcall_callable(rb_execution_context_t ec, const rb_callable_method_entry_t me)
	{
	return rb_method_call_status(ec, me, CALL_FCALL, ec->cfp->self) == MISSING_NONE;
	}

	static VALUE
	check_funcall_missing(rb_execution_context_t ec, VALUE klass, VALUE recv, ID mid, int argc, const VALUE argv, int respond, VALUE def, int kw_splat)
	{
	struct rescue_funcall_args args;
	const rb_callable_method_entry_t *cme;
	VALUE ret = Qundef;

	ret = basic_obj_respond_to_missing(ec, klass, recv,
	ID2SYM(mid), Qtrue);
	if (!RTEST(ret)) return def;
	args.respond = respond > 0;
	args.respond_to_missing = (ret != Qundef);
	ret = def;
	cme = callable_method_entry(klass, idMethodMissing, &args.defined_class);

	if (cme && !METHOD_ENTRY_BASIC(cme)) {
	VALUE argbuf, *new_args = ALLOCV_N(VALUE, argbuf, argc+1);

	new_args[0] = ID2SYM(mid);
	#ifdef __GLIBC__
	if (!argv) {
	static const VALUE buf = Qfalse;
	VM_ASSERT(argc == 0);
	argv = &buf;
	}
	#endif
	MEMCPY(new_args+1, argv, VALUE, argc);
	ec->method_missing_reason = MISSING_NOENTRY;
	args.ec = ec;
	args.recv = recv;
	args.cme = cme;
	args.mid = mid;
	args.argc = argc + 1;
	args.argv = new_args;
	args.kw_splat = kw_splat;
	ret = rb_rescue2(check_funcall_exec, (VALUE)&args,
	check_funcall_failed, (VALUE)&args,
	rb_eNoMethodError, (VALUE)0);
	ALLOCV_END(argbuf);
	}
	return ret;
	}

	static VALUE rb_check_funcall_default_kw(VALUE recv, ID mid, int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE def, int kw_splat);

	VALUE
	rb_check_funcall_kw(VALUE recv, ID mid, int argc, const VALUE *argv, int kw_splat)
	{
	return rb_check_funcall_default_kw(recv, mid, argc, argv, Qundef, kw_splat);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_check_funcall(VALUE recv, ID mid, int argc, const VALUE *argv)
	{
	return rb_check_funcall_default_kw(recv, mid, argc, argv, Qundef, RB_NO_KEYWORDS);
	}

	static VALUE
	rb_check_funcall_default_kw(VALUE recv, ID mid, int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE def, int kw_splat)
	{
	VALUE klass = CLASS_OF(recv);
	const rb_callable_method_entry_t *me;
	rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
	int respond = check_funcall_respond_to(ec, klass, recv, mid);

	if (!respond)
	return def;

	me = rb_search_method_entry(recv, mid);
	if (!check_funcall_callable(ec, me)) {
	VALUE ret = check_funcall_missing(ec, klass, recv, mid, argc, argv,
	respond, def, kw_splat);
	if (ret == Qundef) ret = def;
	return ret;
	}
	stack_check(ec);
	return rb_vm_call_kw(ec, recv, mid, argc, argv, me, kw_splat);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_check_funcall_default(VALUE recv, ID mid, int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE def)
	{
	return rb_check_funcall_default_kw(recv, mid, argc, argv, def, RB_NO_KEYWORDS);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_check_funcall_with_hook_kw(VALUE recv, ID mid, int argc, const VALUE *argv,
	rb_check_funcall_hook *hook, VALUE arg, int kw_splat)
	{
	VALUE klass = CLASS_OF(recv);
	const rb_callable_method_entry_t *me;
	rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
	int respond = check_funcall_respond_to(ec, klass, recv, mid);

	if (!respond) {
	(*hook)(FALSE, recv, mid, argc, argv, arg);
	return Qundef;
	}

	me = rb_search_method_entry(recv, mid);
	if (!check_funcall_callable(ec, me)) {
	VALUE ret = check_funcall_missing(ec, klass, recv, mid, argc, argv,
	respond, Qundef, kw_splat);
	(*hook)(ret != Qundef, recv, mid, argc, argv, arg);
	return ret;
	}
	stack_check(ec);
	(*hook)(TRUE, recv, mid, argc, argv, arg);
	return rb_vm_call_kw(ec, recv, mid, argc, argv, me, kw_splat);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_check_funcall_with_hook(VALUE recv, ID mid, int argc, const VALUE *argv,
	rb_check_funcall_hook *hook, VALUE arg)
	{
	return rb_check_funcall_with_hook_kw(recv, mid, argc, argv, hook, arg, RB_NO_KEYWORDS);
	}

	const char *
	rb_type_str(enum ruby_value_type type)
	{
	#define type_case(t) t: return #t
	switch (type) {
	case type_case(T_NONE);
	case type_case(T_OBJECT);
	case type_case(T_CLASS);
	case type_case(T_MODULE);
	case type_case(T_FLOAT);
	case type_case(T_STRING);
	case type_case(T_REGEXP);
	case type_case(T_ARRAY);
	case type_case(T_HASH);
	case type_case(T_STRUCT);
	case type_case(T_BIGNUM);
	case type_case(T_FILE);
	case type_case(T_DATA);
	case type_case(T_MATCH);
	case type_case(T_COMPLEX);
	case type_case(T_RATIONAL);
	case type_case(T_NIL);
	case type_case(T_TRUE);
	case type_case(T_FALSE);
	case type_case(T_SYMBOL);
	case type_case(T_FIXNUM);
	case type_case(T_IMEMO);
	case type_case(T_UNDEF);
	case type_case(T_NODE);
	case type_case(T_ICLASS);
	case type_case(T_ZOMBIE);
	case type_case(T_MOVED);
	case T_MASK: break;
	}
	#undef type_case
	return NULL;
	}

	NORETURN(static void uncallable_object(VALUE recv, ID mid));
	static void
	uncallable_object(VALUE recv, ID mid)
	{
	VALUE flags;
	int type;
	const char *typestr;
	VALUE mname = rb_id2str(mid);

	if (SPECIAL_CONST_P(recv)) {
	rb_raise(rb_eNotImpError,
	"method `%"PRIsVALUE"' called on unexpected immediate object (%p)",
	mname, (void *)recv);
	}
	else if ((flags = RBASIC(recv)->flags) == 0) {
	rb_raise(rb_eNotImpError,
	"method `%"PRIsVALUE"' called on terminated object (%p)",
	mname, (void *)recv);
	}
	else if (!(typestr = rb_type_str(type = BUILTIN_TYPE(recv)))) {
	rb_raise(rb_eNotImpError,
	"method `%"PRIsVALUE"' called on broken T_?""?""?(0x%02x) object"
	" (%p flags=0x%"PRIxVALUE")",
	mname, type, (void *)recv, flags);
	}
	else if (T_OBJECT <= type && type < T_NIL) {
	rb_raise(rb_eNotImpError,
	"method `%"PRIsVALUE"' called on hidden %s object"
	" (%p flags=0x%"PRIxVALUE")",
	mname, typestr, (void *)recv, flags);
	}
	else {
	rb_raise(rb_eNotImpError,
	"method `%"PRIsVALUE"' called on unexpected %s object"
	" (%p flags=0x%"PRIxVALUE")",
	mname, typestr, (void *)recv, flags);
	}
	}

	static inline const rb_callable_method_entry_t *
	rb_search_method_entry(VALUE recv, ID mid)
	{
	VALUE klass = CLASS_OF(recv);

	if (!klass) uncallable_object(recv, mid);
	return rb_callable_method_entry(klass, mid);
	}

	static inline enum method_missing_reason
	rb_method_call_status(rb_execution_context_t ec, const rb_callable_method_entry_t me, call_type scope, VALUE self)
	{
	VALUE klass;
	ID oid;
	rb_method_visibility_t visi;

	if (UNDEFINED_METHOD_ENTRY_P(me)) {
	goto undefined;
	}
	if (me->def->type == VM_METHOD_TYPE_REFINED) {
	me = rb_resolve_refined_method_callable(Qnil, me);
	if (UNDEFINED_METHOD_ENTRY_P(me)) goto undefined;
	}

	klass = me->owner;
	oid = me->def->original_id;
	visi = METHOD_ENTRY_VISI(me);

	if (oid != idMethodMissing) {
	/* receiver specified form for private method */
	if (UNLIKELY(visi != METHOD_VISI_PUBLIC)) {
	if (visi == METHOD_VISI_PRIVATE && scope == CALL_PUBLIC) {
	return MISSING_PRIVATE;
	}

	/* self must be kind of a specified form for protected method */
	if (visi == METHOD_VISI_PROTECTED && scope == CALL_PUBLIC) {
	VALUE defined_class = klass;

	if (RB_TYPE_P(defined_class, T_ICLASS)) {
	defined_class = RBASIC(defined_class)->klass;
	}

	if (self == Qundef \|\| !rb_obj_is_kind_of(self, defined_class)) {
	return MISSING_PROTECTED;
	}
	}
	}
	}

	return MISSING_NONE;
	undefined:
	return scope == CALL_VCALL ? MISSING_VCALL : MISSING_NOENTRY;
	}


	/*!
	* \internal
	* calls the specified method.
	*
	* This function is called by functions in rb_call* family.
	* \param recv receiver
	* \param mid an ID that represents the name of the method
	* \param argc the number of method arguments
	* \param argv a pointer to an array of method arguments
	* \param scope
	*/
	static inline VALUE
	rb_call(VALUE recv, ID mid, int argc, const VALUE *argv, call_type scope)
	{
	rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
	return rb_call0(ec, recv, mid, argc, argv, scope, ec->cfp->self);
	}

	NORETURN(static void raise_method_missing(rb_execution_context_t ec, int argc, const VALUE argv,
	VALUE obj, enum method_missing_reason call_status));

	/*
	* call-seq:
	* obj.method_missing(symbol [, *args] ) -> result
	*
	* Invoked by Ruby when <i>obj</i> is sent a message it cannot handle.
	* <i>symbol</i> is the symbol for the method called, and <i>args</i>
	* are any arguments that were passed to it. By default, the interpreter
	* raises an error when this method is called. However, it is possible
	* to override the method to provide more dynamic behavior.
	* If it is decided that a particular method should not be handled, then
	* <i>super</i> should be called, so that ancestors can pick up the
	* missing method.
	* The example below creates
	* a class <code>Roman</code>, which responds to methods with names
	* consisting of roman numerals, returning the corresponding integer
	* values.
	*
	* class Roman
	* def roman_to_int(str)
	* # ...
	* end
	*
	* def method_missing(symbol, *args)
	* str = symbol.id2name
	* begin
	* roman_to_int(str)
	* rescue
	* super(symbol, *args)
	* end
	* end
	* end
	*
	* r = Roman.new
	* r.iv #=> 4
	* r.xxiii #=> 23
	* r.mm #=> 2000
	* r.foo #=> NoMethodError
	*/

	static VALUE
	rb_method_missing(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
	{
	rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
	raise_method_missing(ec, argc, argv, obj, ec->method_missing_reason);
	UNREACHABLE_RETURN(Qnil);
	}

	MJIT_FUNC_EXPORTED VALUE
	rb_make_no_method_exception(VALUE exc, VALUE format, VALUE obj,
	int argc, const VALUE *argv, int priv)
	{
	VALUE name = argv[0];

	if (!format) {
	format = rb_fstring_lit("undefined method `%s' for %s%s%s");
	}
	if (exc == rb_eNoMethodError) {
	VALUE args = rb_ary_new4(argc - 1, argv + 1);
	return rb_nomethod_err_new(format, obj, name, args, priv);
	}
	else {
	return rb_name_err_new(format, obj, name);
	}
	}

	#endif /* #ifndef MJIT_HEADER */

	static void
	raise_method_missing(rb_execution_context_t ec, int argc, const VALUE argv, VALUE obj,
	enum method_missing_reason last_call_status)
	{
	VALUE exc = rb_eNoMethodError;
	VALUE format = 0;

	if (UNLIKELY(argc == 0)) {
	rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "no method name given");
	}
	else if (UNLIKELY(!SYMBOL_P(argv[0]))) {
	const VALUE e = rb_eArgError; /* TODO: TypeError? */
	rb_raise(e, "method name must be a Symbol but %"PRIsVALUE" is given",
	rb_obj_class(argv[0]));
	}

	stack_check(ec);

	if (last_call_status & MISSING_PRIVATE) {
	format = rb_fstring_lit("private method `%s' called for %s%s%s");
	}
	else if (last_call_status & MISSING_PROTECTED) {
	format = rb_fstring_lit("protected method `%s' called for %s%s%s");
	}
	else if (last_call_status & MISSING_VCALL) {
	format = rb_fstring_lit("undefined local variable or method `%s' for %s%s%s");
	exc = rb_eNameError;
	}
	else if (last_call_status & MISSING_SUPER) {
	format = rb_fstring_lit("super: no superclass method `%s' for %s%s%s");
	}

	{
	exc = rb_make_no_method_exception(exc, format, obj, argc, argv,
	last_call_status & (MISSING_FCALL\|MISSING_VCALL));
	if (!(last_call_status & MISSING_MISSING)) {
	rb_vm_pop_cfunc_frame();
	}
	rb_exc_raise(exc);
	}
	}

	static void
	vm_raise_method_missing(rb_execution_context_t ec, int argc, const VALUE argv,
	VALUE obj, int call_status)
	{
	vm_passed_block_handler_set(ec, VM_BLOCK_HANDLER_NONE);
	raise_method_missing(ec, argc, argv, obj, call_status \| MISSING_MISSING);
	}

	static inline VALUE
	method_missing(rb_execution_context_t ec, VALUE obj, ID id, int argc, const VALUE argv, enum method_missing_reason call_status, int kw_splat)
	{
	VALUE *nargv, result, work, klass;
	VALUE block_handler = vm_passed_block_handler(ec);
	const rb_callable_method_entry_t *me;

	ec->method_missing_reason = call_status;

	if (id == idMethodMissing) {
	goto missing;
	}

	nargv = ALLOCV_N(VALUE, work, argc + 1);
	nargv[0] = ID2SYM(id);
	#ifdef __GLIBC__
	if (!argv) {
	static const VALUE buf = Qfalse;
	VM_ASSERT(argc == 0);
	argv = &buf;
	}
	#endif
	MEMCPY(nargv + 1, argv, VALUE, argc);
	++argc;
	argv = nargv;

	klass = CLASS_OF(obj);
	if (!klass) goto missing;
	me = rb_callable_method_entry(klass, idMethodMissing);
	if (!me \|\| METHOD_ENTRY_BASIC(me)) goto missing;
	vm_passed_block_handler_set(ec, block_handler);
	result = rb_vm_call_kw(ec, obj, idMethodMissing, argc, argv, me, kw_splat);
	if (work) ALLOCV_END(work);
	return result;
	missing:
	raise_method_missing(ec, argc, argv, obj, call_status \| MISSING_MISSING);
	UNREACHABLE_RETURN(Qundef);
	}

	#ifndef MJIT_HEADER

	/*!
	* Calls a method
	* \param recv receiver of the method
	* \param mid an ID that represents the name of the method
	* \param args an Array object which contains method arguments
	*
	* \pre \a args must refer an Array object.
	*/
	VALUE
	rb_apply(VALUE recv, ID mid, VALUE args)
	{
	int argc;
	VALUE *argv, ret;

	argc = RARRAY_LENINT(args);
	if (argc >= 0x100) {
	args = rb_ary_subseq(args, 0, argc);
	RBASIC_CLEAR_CLASS(args);
	OBJ_FREEZE(args);
	ret = rb_call(recv, mid, argc, RARRAY_CONST_PTR(args), CALL_FCALL);
	RB_GC_GUARD(args);
	return ret;
	}
	argv = ALLOCA_N(VALUE, argc);
	MEMCPY(argv, RARRAY_CONST_PTR_TRANSIENT(args), VALUE, argc);
	return rb_call(recv, mid, argc, argv, CALL_FCALL);
	}

	#ifdef rb_funcall
	#undef rb_funcall
	#endif
	/*!
	* Calls a method
	* \param recv receiver of the method
	* \param mid an ID that represents the name of the method
	* \param n the number of arguments
	* \param ... arbitrary number of method arguments
	*
	* \pre each of arguments after \a n must be a VALUE.
	*/
	VALUE
	rb_funcall(VALUE recv, ID mid, int n, ...)
	{
	VALUE *argv;
	va_list ar;

	if (n > 0) {
	long i;

	va_start(ar, n);

	argv = ALLOCA_N(VALUE, n);

	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
	argv[i] = va_arg(ar, VALUE);
	}
	va_end(ar);
	}
	else {
	argv = 0;
	}
	return rb_call(recv, mid, n, argv, CALL_FCALL);
	}

	#ifdef rb_funcallv
	#undef rb_funcallv
	#endif
	/*!
	* Calls a method
	* \param recv receiver of the method
	* \param mid an ID that represents the name of the method
	* \param argc the number of arguments
	* \param argv pointer to an array of method arguments
	*/
	VALUE
	rb_funcallv(VALUE recv, ID mid, int argc, const VALUE *argv)
	{
	return rb_call(recv, mid, argc, argv, CALL_FCALL);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_funcallv_kw(VALUE recv, ID mid, int argc, const VALUE *argv, int kw_splat)
	{
	return rb_call(recv, mid, argc, argv, kw_splat ? CALL_FCALL_KW : CALL_FCALL);
	}

	/*!
	* Calls a method only if it is the basic method of `ancestor`
	* otherwise returns Qundef;
	* \param recv receiver of the method
	* \param mid an ID that represents the name of the method
	* \param ancestor the Class that defined the basic method
	* \param argc the number of arguments
	* \param argv pointer to an array of method arguments
	* \param kw_splat bool
	*/
	VALUE
	rb_check_funcall_basic_kw(VALUE recv, ID mid, VALUE ancestor, int argc, const VALUE *argv, int kw_splat)
	{
	const rb_callable_method_entry_t *cme;
	rb_execution_context_t *ec;
	VALUE klass = CLASS_OF(recv);
	if (!klass) return Qundef; /* hidden object */

	cme = rb_callable_method_entry(klass, mid);
	if (cme && METHOD_ENTRY_BASIC(cme) && RBASIC_CLASS(cme->defined_class) == ancestor) {
	ec = GET_EC();
	return rb_vm_call0(ec, recv, mid, argc, argv, cme, kw_splat);
	}

	return Qundef;
	}


	/*!
	* Calls a method.
	*
	* Same as rb_funcallv but this function can call only public methods.
	* \param recv receiver of the method
	* \param mid an ID that represents the name of the method
	* \param argc the number of arguments
	* \param argv pointer to an array of method arguments
	*/
	VALUE
	rb_funcallv_public(VALUE recv, ID mid, int argc, const VALUE *argv)
	{
	return rb_call(recv, mid, argc, argv, CALL_PUBLIC);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_funcallv_public_kw(VALUE recv, ID mid, int argc, const VALUE *argv, int kw_splat)
	{
	return rb_call(recv, mid, argc, argv, kw_splat ? CALL_PUBLIC_KW : CALL_PUBLIC);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_funcall_passing_block(VALUE recv, ID mid, int argc, const VALUE *argv)
	{
	PASS_PASSED_BLOCK_HANDLER();
	return rb_call(recv, mid, argc, argv, CALL_PUBLIC);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_funcall_passing_block_kw(VALUE recv, ID mid, int argc, const VALUE *argv, int kw_splat)
	{
	PASS_PASSED_BLOCK_HANDLER();
	return rb_call(recv, mid, argc, argv, kw_splat ? CALL_PUBLIC_KW : CALL_PUBLIC);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_funcall_with_block(VALUE recv, ID mid, int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE passed_procval)
	{
	if (!NIL_P(passed_procval)) {
	vm_passed_block_handler_set(GET_EC(), passed_procval);
	}

	return rb_call(recv, mid, argc, argv, CALL_PUBLIC);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_funcall_with_block_kw(VALUE recv, ID mid, int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE passed_procval, int kw_splat)
	{
	if (!NIL_P(passed_procval)) {
	vm_passed_block_handler_set(GET_EC(), passed_procval);
	}

	return rb_call(recv, mid, argc, argv, kw_splat ? CALL_PUBLIC_KW : CALL_PUBLIC);
	}

	static VALUE *
	current_vm_stack_arg(const rb_execution_context_t ec, const VALUE argv)
	{
	rb_control_frame_t *prev_cfp = RUBY_VM_PREVIOUS_CONTROL_FRAME(ec->cfp);
	if (RUBY_VM_CONTROL_FRAME_STACK_OVERFLOW_P(ec, prev_cfp)) return NULL;
	if (prev_cfp->sp + 1 != argv) return NULL;
	return prev_cfp->sp + 1;
	}

	static VALUE
	send_internal(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE recv, call_type scope)
	{
	ID id;
	VALUE vid;
	VALUE self;
	VALUE ret, vargv = 0;
	rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
	int public = scope == CALL_PUBLIC \|\| scope == CALL_PUBLIC_KW;

	if (public) {
	self = Qundef;
	}
	else {
	self = RUBY_VM_PREVIOUS_CONTROL_FRAME(ec->cfp)->self;
	}

	if (argc == 0) {
	rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "no method name given");
	}

	vid = *argv;

	id = rb_check_id(&vid);
	if (!id) {
	if (rb_method_basic_definition_p(CLASS_OF(recv), idMethodMissing)) {
	VALUE exc = rb_make_no_method_exception(rb_eNoMethodError, 0,
	recv, argc, argv,
	!public);
	rb_exc_raise(exc);
	}
	if (!SYMBOL_P(*argv)) {
	VALUE *tmp_argv = current_vm_stack_arg(ec, argv);
	vid = rb_str_intern(vid);
	if (tmp_argv) {
	tmp_argv[0] = vid;
	}
	else if (argc > 1) {
	tmp_argv = ALLOCV_N(VALUE, vargv, argc);
	tmp_argv[0] = vid;
	MEMCPY(tmp_argv+1, argv+1, VALUE, argc-1);
	argv = tmp_argv;
	}
	else {
	argv = &vid;
	}
	}
	id = idMethodMissing;
	ec->method_missing_reason = MISSING_NOENTRY;
	}
	else {
	argv++; argc--;
	}
	PASS_PASSED_BLOCK_HANDLER_EC(ec);
	ret = rb_call0(ec, recv, id, argc, argv, scope, self);
	ALLOCV_END(vargv);
	return ret;
	}

	static VALUE
	send_internal_kw(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE recv, call_type scope)
	{
	if (rb_keyword_given_p()) {
	switch (scope) {
	case CALL_PUBLIC:
	scope = CALL_PUBLIC_KW;
	break;
	case CALL_FCALL:
	scope = CALL_FCALL_KW;
	break;
	default:
	break;
	}
	}
	return send_internal(argc, argv, recv, scope);
	}

	/*
	* call-seq:
	* foo.send(symbol [, args...]) -> obj
	* foo.__send__(symbol [, args...]) -> obj
	* foo.send(string [, args...]) -> obj
	* foo.__send__(string [, args...]) -> obj
	*
	* Invokes the method identified by _symbol_, passing it any
	* arguments specified.
	* When the method is identified by a string, the string is converted
	* to a symbol.
	*
	* BasicObject implements +__send__+, Kernel implements +send+.
	* <code>__send__</code> is safer than +send+
	* when _obj_ has the same method name like <code>Socket</code>.
	* See also <code>public_send</code>.
	*
	* class Klass
	* def hello(*args)
	* "Hello " + args.join(' ')
	* end
	* end
	* k = Klass.new
	* k.send :hello, "gentle", "readers" #=> "Hello gentle readers"
	*/

	VALUE
	rb_f_send(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE recv)
	{
	return send_internal_kw(argc, argv, recv, CALL_FCALL);
	}

	/*
	* call-seq:
	* obj.public_send(symbol [, args...]) -> obj
	* obj.public_send(string [, args...]) -> obj
	*
	* Invokes the method identified by _symbol_, passing it any
	* arguments specified. Unlike send, public_send calls public
	* methods only.
	* When the method is identified by a string, the string is converted
	* to a symbol.
	*
	* 1.public_send(:puts, "hello") # causes NoMethodError
	*/

	static VALUE
	rb_f_public_send(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE recv)
	{
	return send_internal_kw(argc, argv, recv, CALL_PUBLIC);
	}

	/* yield */

	static inline VALUE
	rb_yield_0_kw(int argc, const VALUE * argv, int kw_splat)
	{
	return vm_yield(GET_EC(), argc, argv, kw_splat);
	}

	static inline VALUE
	rb_yield_0(int argc, const VALUE * argv)
	{
	return vm_yield(GET_EC(), argc, argv, RB_NO_KEYWORDS);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_yield_1(VALUE val)
	{
	return rb_yield_0(1, &val);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_yield(VALUE val)
	{
	if (val == Qundef) {
	return rb_yield_0(0, 0);
	}
	else {
	return rb_yield_1(val);
	}
	}

	#undef rb_yield_values
	VALUE
	rb_yield_values(int n, ...)
	{
	if (n == 0) {
	return rb_yield_0(0, 0);
	}
	else {
	int i;
	VALUE *argv;
	va_list args;
	argv = ALLOCA_N(VALUE, n);

	va_start(args, n);
	for (i=0; i<n; i++) {
	argv[i] = va_arg(args, VALUE);
	}
	va_end(args);

	return rb_yield_0(n, argv);
	}
	}

	VALUE
	rb_yield_values2(int argc, const VALUE *argv)
	{
	return rb_yield_0(argc, argv);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_yield_values_kw(int argc, const VALUE *argv, int kw_splat)
	{
	return rb_yield_0_kw(argc, argv, kw_splat);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_yield_splat(VALUE values)
	{
	VALUE tmp = rb_check_array_type(values);
	VALUE v;
	if (NIL_P(tmp)) {
	rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "not an array");
	}
	v = rb_yield_0(RARRAY_LENINT(tmp), RARRAY_CONST_PTR(tmp));
	RB_GC_GUARD(tmp);
	return v;
	}

	VALUE
	rb_yield_splat_kw(VALUE values, int kw_splat)
	{
	VALUE tmp = rb_check_array_type(values);
	VALUE v;
	if (NIL_P(tmp)) {
	rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "not an array");
	}
	v = rb_yield_0_kw(RARRAY_LENINT(tmp), RARRAY_CONST_PTR(tmp), kw_splat);
	RB_GC_GUARD(tmp);
	return v;
	}

	VALUE
	rb_yield_force_blockarg(VALUE values)
	{
	return vm_yield_force_blockarg(GET_EC(), values);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_yield_block(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(val, arg))
	{
	return vm_yield_with_block(GET_EC(), argc, argv,
	NIL_P(blockarg) ? VM_BLOCK_HANDLER_NONE : blockarg,
	rb_keyword_given_p());
	}

	static VALUE
	loop_i(VALUE _)
	{
	for (;;) {
	rb_yield_0(0, 0);
	}
	return Qnil;
	}

	static VALUE
	loop_stop(VALUE dummy, VALUE exc)
	{
	return rb_attr_get(exc, id_result);
	}

	static VALUE
	rb_f_loop_size(VALUE self, VALUE args, VALUE eobj)
	{
	return DBL2NUM(HUGE_VAL);
	}

	/*
	* call-seq:
	* loop { block }
	* loop -> an_enumerator
	*
	* Repeatedly executes the block.
	*
	* If no block is given, an enumerator is returned instead.
	*
	* loop do
	* print "Input: "
	* line = gets
	* break if !line or line =~ /^qQ/
	* # ...
	* end
	*
	* StopIteration raised in the block breaks the loop. In this case,
	* loop returns the "result" value stored in the exception.
	*
	* enum = Enumerator.new { \|y\|
	* y << "one"
	* y << "two"
	* :ok
	* }
	*
	* result = loop {
	* puts enum.next
	* } #=> :ok
	*/

	static VALUE
	rb_f_loop(VALUE self)
	{
	RETURN_SIZED_ENUMERATOR(self, 0, 0, rb_f_loop_size);
	return rb_rescue2(loop_i, (VALUE)0, loop_stop, (VALUE)0, rb_eStopIteration, (VALUE)0);
	}

	#if VMDEBUG
	static const char *
	vm_frametype_name(const rb_control_frame_t *cfp);
	#endif

	static VALUE
	rb_iterate0(VALUE (* it_proc) (VALUE), VALUE data1,
	const struct vm_ifunc *const ifunc,
	rb_execution_context_t *ec)
	{
	enum ruby_tag_type state;
	volatile VALUE retval = Qnil;
	rb_control_frame_t *const cfp = ec->cfp;

	EC_PUSH_TAG(ec);
	state = EC_EXEC_TAG();
	if (state == 0) {
	iter_retry:
	{
	VALUE block_handler;

	if (ifunc) {
	struct rb_captured_block *captured = VM_CFP_TO_CAPTURED_BLOCK(cfp);
	captured->code.ifunc = ifunc;
	block_handler = VM_BH_FROM_IFUNC_BLOCK(captured);
	}
	else {
	block_handler = VM_CF_BLOCK_HANDLER(cfp);
	}
	vm_passed_block_handler_set(ec, block_handler);
	}
	retval = (*it_proc) (data1);
	}
	else if (state == TAG_BREAK \|\| state == TAG_RETRY) {
	const struct vm_throw_data const err = (struct vm_throw_data )ec->errinfo;
	const rb_control_frame_t *const escape_cfp = THROW_DATA_CATCH_FRAME(err);

	if (cfp == escape_cfp) {
	rb_vm_rewind_cfp(ec, cfp);

	state = 0;
	ec->tag->state = TAG_NONE;
	ec->errinfo = Qnil;

	if (state == TAG_RETRY) goto iter_retry;
	retval = THROW_DATA_VAL(err);
	}
	else if (0) {
	SDR(); fprintf(stderr, "%p, %p\n", (void )cfp, (void )escape_cfp);
	}
	}
	EC_POP_TAG();

	if (state) {
	EC_JUMP_TAG(ec, state);
	}
	return retval;
	}

	VALUE
	rb_iterate(VALUE (* it_proc)(VALUE), VALUE data1,
	rb_block_call_func_t bl_proc, VALUE data2)
	{
	return rb_iterate0(it_proc, data1,
	bl_proc ? rb_vm_ifunc_proc_new(bl_proc, (void *)data2) : 0,
	GET_EC());
	}

	struct iter_method_arg {
	VALUE obj;
	ID mid;
	int argc;
	const VALUE *argv;
	int kw_splat;
	};

	static VALUE
	iterate_method(VALUE obj)
	{
	const struct iter_method_arg * arg =
	(struct iter_method_arg *) obj;

	return rb_call(arg->obj, arg->mid, arg->argc, arg->argv, arg->kw_splat ? CALL_FCALL_KW : CALL_FCALL);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_block_call(VALUE obj, ID mid, int argc, const VALUE * argv,
	rb_block_call_func_t bl_proc, VALUE data2)
	{
	struct iter_method_arg arg;

	arg.obj = obj;
	arg.mid = mid;
	arg.argc = argc;
	arg.argv = argv;
	arg.kw_splat = 0;
	return rb_iterate(iterate_method, (VALUE)&arg, bl_proc, data2);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_block_call_kw(VALUE obj, ID mid, int argc, const VALUE * argv,
	rb_block_call_func_t bl_proc, VALUE data2, int kw_splat)
	{
	struct iter_method_arg arg;

	arg.obj = obj;
	arg.mid = mid;
	arg.argc = argc;
	arg.argv = argv;
	arg.kw_splat = kw_splat;
	return rb_iterate(iterate_method, (VALUE)&arg, bl_proc, data2);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_lambda_call(VALUE obj, ID mid, int argc, const VALUE *argv,
	rb_block_call_func_t bl_proc, int min_argc, int max_argc,
	VALUE data2)
	{
	struct iter_method_arg arg;
	struct vm_ifunc *block;

	if (!bl_proc) rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "NULL lambda function");
	arg.obj = obj;
	arg.mid = mid;
	arg.argc = argc;
	arg.argv = argv;
	arg.kw_splat = 0;
	block = rb_vm_ifunc_new(bl_proc, (void *)data2, min_argc, max_argc);
	return rb_iterate0(iterate_method, (VALUE)&arg, block, GET_EC());
	}

	static VALUE
	iterate_check_method(VALUE obj)
	{
	const struct iter_method_arg * arg =
	(struct iter_method_arg *) obj;

	return rb_check_funcall(arg->obj, arg->mid, arg->argc, arg->argv);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_check_block_call(VALUE obj, ID mid, int argc, const VALUE *argv,
	rb_block_call_func_t bl_proc, VALUE data2)
	{
	struct iter_method_arg arg;

	arg.obj = obj;
	arg.mid = mid;
	arg.argc = argc;
	arg.argv = argv;
	arg.kw_splat = 0;
	return rb_iterate(iterate_check_method, (VALUE)&arg, bl_proc, data2);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_each(VALUE obj)
	{
	return rb_call(obj, idEach, 0, 0, CALL_FCALL);
	}

	void rb_parser_warn_location(VALUE, int);
	static const rb_iseq_t *
	eval_make_iseq(VALUE src, VALUE fname, int line, const rb_binding_t *bind,
	const struct rb_block *base_block)
	{
	const VALUE parser = rb_parser_new();
	const rb_iseq_t *const parent = vm_block_iseq(base_block);
	VALUE realpath = Qnil;
	rb_iseq_t *iseq = NULL;
	rb_ast_t *ast;
	int isolated_depth = 0;
	{
	int depth = 1;
	const VALUE *ep = vm_block_ep(base_block);

	while (1) {
	if (VM_ENV_FLAGS(ep, VM_ENV_FLAG_ISOLATED)) {
	isolated_depth = depth;
	break;
	}
	else if (VM_ENV_LOCAL_P(ep)) {
	break;
	}
	ep = VM_ENV_PREV_EP(ep);
	depth++;
	}
	}

	if (!fname) {
	fname = rb_source_location(&line);
	}

	if (fname != Qundef) {
	if (!NIL_P(fname)) fname = rb_fstring(fname);
	realpath = fname;
	}
	else {
	fname = rb_fstring_lit("(eval)");
	}

	rb_parser_set_context(parser, parent, FALSE);
	ast = rb_parser_compile_string_path(parser, fname, src, line);
	if (ast->body.root) {
	iseq = rb_iseq_new_eval(&ast->body,
	parent->body->location.label,
	fname, realpath, INT2FIX(line),
	parent, isolated_depth);
	}
	rb_ast_dispose(ast);

	if (iseq != NULL) {
	if (0 && iseq) { /* for debug */
	VALUE disasm = rb_iseq_disasm(iseq);
	printf("%s\n", StringValuePtr(disasm));
	}

	rb_exec_event_hook_script_compiled(GET_EC(), iseq, src);
	}

	return iseq;
	}

	static VALUE
	eval_string_with_cref(VALUE self, VALUE src, rb_cref_t *cref, VALUE file, int line)
	{
	rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
	struct rb_block block;
	const rb_iseq_t *iseq;
	rb_control_frame_t *cfp = rb_vm_get_ruby_level_next_cfp(ec, ec->cfp);
	if (!cfp) {
	rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "Can't eval on top of Fiber or Thread");
	}

	block.as.captured = *VM_CFP_TO_CAPTURED_BLOCK(cfp);
	block.as.captured.self = self;
	block.as.captured.code.iseq = cfp->iseq;
	block.type = block_type_iseq;

	iseq = eval_make_iseq(src, file, line, NULL, &block);
	if (!iseq) {
	rb_exc_raise(ec->errinfo);
	}

	/* TODO: what the code checking? */
	if (!cref && block.as.captured.code.val) {
	rb_cref_t *orig_cref = vm_get_cref(vm_block_ep(&block));
	cref = vm_cref_dup(orig_cref);
	}
	vm_set_eval_stack(ec, iseq, cref, &block);

	/* kick */
	return vm_exec(ec, true);
	}

	static VALUE
	eval_string_with_scope(VALUE scope, VALUE src, VALUE file, int line)
	{
	rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
	rb_binding_t *bind = Check_TypedStruct(scope, &ruby_binding_data_type);
	const rb_iseq_t *iseq = eval_make_iseq(src, file, line, bind, &bind->block);
	if (!iseq) {
	rb_exc_raise(ec->errinfo);
	}

	vm_set_eval_stack(ec, iseq, NULL, &bind->block);

	/* save new env */
	if (iseq->body->local_table_size > 0) {
	vm_bind_update_env(scope, bind, vm_make_env_object(ec, ec->cfp));
	}

	/* kick */
	return vm_exec(ec, true);
	}

	/*
	* call-seq:
	* eval(string [, binding [, filename [,lineno]]]) -> obj
	*
	* Evaluates the Ruby expression(s) in <em>string</em>. If
	* <em>binding</em> is given, which must be a Binding object, the
	* evaluation is performed in its context. If the optional
	* <em>filename</em> and <em>lineno</em> parameters are present, they
	* will be used when reporting syntax errors.
	*
	* def get_binding(str)
	* return binding
	* end
	* str = "hello"
	* eval "str + ' Fred'" #=> "hello Fred"
	* eval "str + ' Fred'", get_binding("bye") #=> "bye Fred"
	*/

	VALUE
	rb_f_eval(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
	{
	VALUE src, scope, vfile, vline;
	VALUE file = Qundef;
	int line = 1;

	rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "13", &src, &scope, &vfile, &vline);
	SafeStringValue(src);
	if (argc >= 3) {
	StringValue(vfile);
	}
	if (argc >= 4) {
	line = NUM2INT(vline);
	}

	if (!NIL_P(vfile))
	file = vfile;

	if (NIL_P(scope))
	return eval_string_with_cref(self, src, NULL, file, line);
	else
	return eval_string_with_scope(scope, src, file, line);
	}

	/** @note This function name is not stable. */
	VALUE
	ruby_eval_string_from_file(const char str, const char filename)
	{
	VALUE file = filename ? rb_str_new_cstr(filename) : 0;
	return eval_string_with_cref(rb_vm_top_self(), rb_str_new2(str), NULL, file, 1);
	}

	/**
	* Evaluates the given string in an isolated binding.
	*
	* Here "isolated" means the binding does not inherit any other binding. This
	* behaves same as the binding for required libraries.
	*
	* __FILE__ will be "(eval)", and __LINE__ starts from 1 in the evaluation.
	*
	* @param str Ruby code to evaluate.
	* @return The evaluated result.
	* @throw Exception Raises an exception on error.
	*/
	VALUE
	rb_eval_string(const char *str)
	{
	return ruby_eval_string_from_file(str, "eval");
	}

	static VALUE
	eval_string_protect(VALUE str)
	{
	return rb_eval_string((char *)str);
	}

	/**
	* Evaluates the given string in an isolated binding.
	*
	* __FILE__ will be "(eval)", and __LINE__ starts from 1 in the evaluation.
	*
	* @sa rb_eval_string
	* @param str Ruby code to evaluate.
	* @param state Being set to zero if succeeded. Nonzero if an error occurred.
	* @return The evaluated result if succeeded, an undefined value if otherwise.
	*/
	VALUE
	rb_eval_string_protect(const char str, int pstate)
	{
	return rb_protect(eval_string_protect, (VALUE)str, pstate);
	}

	struct eval_string_wrap_arg {
	VALUE top_self;
	VALUE klass;
	const char *str;
	};

	static VALUE
	eval_string_wrap_protect(VALUE data)
	{
	const struct eval_string_wrap_arg const arg = (struct eval_string_wrap_arg)data;
	rb_cref_t *cref = rb_vm_cref_new_toplevel();
	cref->klass = arg->klass;
	return eval_string_with_cref(arg->top_self, rb_str_new_cstr(arg->str), cref, rb_str_new_cstr("eval"), 1);
	}

	/**
	* Evaluates the given string under a module binding in an isolated binding.
	* This is same as the binding for loaded libraries on "load('foo', true)".
	*
	* __FILE__ will be "(eval)", and __LINE__ starts from 1 in the evaluation.
	*
	* @sa rb_eval_string
	* @param str Ruby code to evaluate.
	* @param state Being set to zero if succeeded. Nonzero if an error occurred.
	* @return The evaluated result if succeeded, an undefined value if otherwise.
	*/
	VALUE
	rb_eval_string_wrap(const char str, int pstate)
	{
	int state;
	rb_thread_t *th = GET_THREAD();
	VALUE self = th->top_self;
	VALUE wrapper = th->top_wrapper;
	VALUE val;
	struct eval_string_wrap_arg data;

	th->top_wrapper = rb_module_new();
	th->top_self = rb_obj_clone(rb_vm_top_self());
	rb_extend_object(th->top_self, th->top_wrapper);

	data.top_self = th->top_self;
	data.klass = th->top_wrapper;
	data.str = str;

	val = rb_protect(eval_string_wrap_protect, (VALUE)&data, &state);

	th->top_self = self;
	th->top_wrapper = wrapper;

	if (pstate) {
	*pstate = state;
	}
	else if (state != TAG_NONE) {
	EC_JUMP_TAG(th->ec, state);
	}
	return val;
	}

	VALUE
	rb_eval_cmd_kw(VALUE cmd, VALUE arg, int kw_splat)
	{
	enum ruby_tag_type state;
	volatile VALUE val = Qnil; /* OK */
	rb_execution_context_t * volatile ec = GET_EC();

	EC_PUSH_TAG(ec);
	if ((state = EC_EXEC_TAG()) == TAG_NONE) {
	if (!RB_TYPE_P(cmd, T_STRING)) {
	val = rb_funcallv_kw(cmd, idCall, RARRAY_LENINT(arg),
	RARRAY_CONST_PTR(arg), kw_splat);
	}
	else {
	val = eval_string_with_cref(rb_vm_top_self(), cmd, NULL, 0, 0);
	}
	}
	EC_POP_TAG();

	if (state) EC_JUMP_TAG(ec, state);
	return val;
	}

	/* block eval under the class/module context */

	static VALUE
	yield_under(VALUE under, VALUE self, int argc, const VALUE *argv, int kw_splat)
	{
	rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
	rb_control_frame_t *cfp = ec->cfp;
	VALUE block_handler = VM_CF_BLOCK_HANDLER(cfp);
	VALUE new_block_handler = 0;
	const struct rb_captured_block *captured = NULL;
	struct rb_captured_block new_captured;
	const VALUE *ep = NULL;
	rb_cref_t *cref;
	int is_lambda = FALSE;

	if (block_handler != VM_BLOCK_HANDLER_NONE) {
	again:
	switch (vm_block_handler_type(block_handler)) {
	case block_handler_type_iseq:
	captured = VM_BH_TO_CAPT_BLOCK(block_handler);
	new_captured = *captured;
	new_block_handler = VM_BH_FROM_ISEQ_BLOCK(&new_captured);
	break;
	case block_handler_type_ifunc:
	captured = VM_BH_TO_CAPT_BLOCK(block_handler);
	new_captured = *captured;
	new_block_handler = VM_BH_FROM_IFUNC_BLOCK(&new_captured);
	break;
	case block_handler_type_proc:
	is_lambda = rb_proc_lambda_p(block_handler) != Qfalse;
	block_handler = vm_proc_to_block_handler(VM_BH_TO_PROC(block_handler));
	goto again;
	case block_handler_type_symbol:
	return rb_sym_proc_call(SYM2ID(VM_BH_TO_SYMBOL(block_handler)),
	argc, argv, kw_splat,
	VM_BLOCK_HANDLER_NONE);
	}

	new_captured.self = self;
	ep = captured->ep;

	VM_FORCE_WRITE_SPECIAL_CONST(&VM_CF_LEP(ec->cfp)[VM_ENV_DATA_INDEX_SPECVAL], new_block_handler);
	}

	cref = vm_cref_push(ec, under, ep, TRUE);
	return vm_yield_with_cref(ec, argc, argv, kw_splat, cref, is_lambda);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_yield_refine_block(VALUE refinement, VALUE refinements)
	{
	rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
	VALUE block_handler = VM_CF_BLOCK_HANDLER(ec->cfp);

	if (vm_block_handler_type(block_handler) != block_handler_type_iseq) {
	rb_bug("rb_yield_refine_block: an iseq block is required");
	}
	else {
	const struct rb_captured_block *captured = VM_BH_TO_ISEQ_BLOCK(block_handler);
	struct rb_captured_block new_captured = *captured;
	VALUE new_block_handler = VM_BH_FROM_ISEQ_BLOCK(&new_captured);
	const VALUE *ep = captured->ep;
	rb_cref_t *cref = vm_cref_push(ec, refinement, ep, TRUE);
	CREF_REFINEMENTS_SET(cref, refinements);
	VM_FORCE_WRITE_SPECIAL_CONST(&VM_CF_LEP(ec->cfp)[VM_ENV_DATA_INDEX_SPECVAL], new_block_handler);
	new_captured.self = refinement;
	return vm_yield_with_cref(ec, 0, NULL, RB_NO_KEYWORDS, cref, FALSE);
	}
	}

	/* string eval under the class/module context */
	static VALUE
	eval_under(VALUE under, VALUE self, VALUE src, VALUE file, int line)
	{
	rb_cref_t *cref = vm_cref_push(GET_EC(), under, NULL, SPECIAL_CONST_P(self) && !NIL_P(under));
	SafeStringValue(src);
	return eval_string_with_cref(self, src, cref, file, line);
	}

	static VALUE
	specific_eval(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE klass, VALUE self, int kw_splat)
	{
	if (rb_block_given_p()) {
	rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 0);
	return yield_under(klass, self, 1, &self, kw_splat);
	}
	else {
	VALUE file = Qundef;
	int line = 1;
	VALUE code;

	rb_check_arity(argc, 1, 3);
	code = argv[0];
	SafeStringValue(code);
	if (argc > 2)
	line = NUM2INT(argv[2]);
	if (argc > 1) {
	file = argv[1];
	if (!NIL_P(file)) StringValue(file);
	}
	return eval_under(klass, self, code, file, line);
	}
	}

	static VALUE
	singleton_class_for_eval(VALUE self)
	{
	if (SPECIAL_CONST_P(self)) {
	return rb_special_singleton_class(self);
	}
	switch (BUILTIN_TYPE(self)) {
	case T_FLOAT: case T_BIGNUM: case T_SYMBOL:
	return Qnil;
	case T_STRING:
	if (FL_TEST_RAW(self, RSTRING_FSTR)) return Qnil;
	default:
	return rb_singleton_class(self);
	}
	}

	/*
	* call-seq:
	* obj.instance_eval(string [, filename [, lineno]] ) -> obj
	* obj.instance_eval {\|obj\| block } -> obj
	*
	* Evaluates a string containing Ruby source code, or the given block,
	* within the context of the receiver (_obj_). In order to set the
	* context, the variable +self+ is set to _obj_ while
	* the code is executing, giving the code access to _obj_'s
	* instance variables and private methods.
	*
	* When <code>instance_eval</code> is given a block, _obj_ is also
	* passed in as the block's only argument.
	*
	* When <code>instance_eval</code> is given a +String+, the optional
	* second and third parameters supply a filename and starting line number
	* that are used when reporting compilation errors.
	*
	* class KlassWithSecret
	* def initialize
	* @secret = 99
	* end
	* private
	* def the_secret
	* "Ssssh! The secret is #{@secret}."
	* end
	* end
	* k = KlassWithSecret.new
	* k.instance_eval { @secret } #=> 99
	* k.instance_eval { the_secret } #=> "Ssssh! The secret is 99."
	* k.instance_eval {\|obj\| obj == self } #=> true
	*/

	static VALUE
	rb_obj_instance_eval_internal(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
	{
	VALUE klass = singleton_class_for_eval(self);
	return specific_eval(argc, argv, klass, self, RB_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_obj_instance_eval(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
	{
	VALUE klass = singleton_class_for_eval(self);
	return specific_eval(argc, argv, klass, self, RB_NO_KEYWORDS);
	}

	/*
	* call-seq:
	* obj.instance_exec(arg...) {\|var...\| block } -> obj
	*
	* Executes the given block within the context of the receiver
	* (_obj_). In order to set the context, the variable +self+ is set
	* to _obj_ while the code is executing, giving the code access to
	* _obj_'s instance variables. Arguments are passed as block parameters.
	*
	* class KlassWithSecret
	* def initialize
	* @secret = 99
	* end
	* end
	* k = KlassWithSecret.new
	* k.instance_exec(5) {\|x\| @secret+x } #=> 104
	*/

	static VALUE
	rb_obj_instance_exec_internal(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
	{
	VALUE klass = singleton_class_for_eval(self);
	return yield_under(klass, self, argc, argv, RB_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_obj_instance_exec(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
	{
	VALUE klass = singleton_class_for_eval(self);
	return yield_under(klass, self, argc, argv, RB_NO_KEYWORDS);
	}

	/*
	* call-seq:
	* mod.class_eval(string [, filename [, lineno]]) -> obj
	* mod.class_eval {\|mod\| block } -> obj
	* mod.module_eval(string [, filename [, lineno]]) -> obj
	* mod.module_eval {\|mod\| block } -> obj
	*
	* Evaluates the string or block in the context of _mod_, except that when
	* a block is given, constant/class variable lookup is not affected. This
	* can be used to add methods to a class. <code>module_eval</code> returns
	* the result of evaluating its argument. The optional _filename_ and
	* _lineno_ parameters set the text for error messages.
	*
	* class Thing
	* end
	* a = %q{def hello() "Hello there!" end}
	* Thing.module_eval(a)
	* puts Thing.new.hello()
	* Thing.module_eval("invalid code", "dummy", 123)
	*
	* <em>produces:</em>
	*
	* Hello there!
	* dummy:123:in `module_eval': undefined local variable
	* or method `code' for Thing:Class
	*/

	static VALUE
	rb_mod_module_eval_internal(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE mod)
	{
	return specific_eval(argc, argv, mod, mod, RB_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_mod_module_eval(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE mod)
	{
	return specific_eval(argc, argv, mod, mod, RB_NO_KEYWORDS);
	}

	/*
	* call-seq:
	* mod.module_exec(arg...) {\|var...\| block } -> obj
	* mod.class_exec(arg...) {\|var...\| block } -> obj
	*
	* Evaluates the given block in the context of the class/module.
	* The method defined in the block will belong to the receiver.
	* Any arguments passed to the method will be passed to the block.
	* This can be used if the block needs to access instance variables.
	*
	* class Thing
	* end
	* Thing.class_exec{
	* def hello() "Hello there!" end
	* }
	* puts Thing.new.hello()
	*
	* <em>produces:</em>
	*
	* Hello there!
	*/

	static VALUE
	rb_mod_module_exec_internal(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE mod)
	{
	return yield_under(mod, mod, argc, argv, RB_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_mod_module_exec(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE mod)
	{
	return yield_under(mod, mod, argc, argv, RB_NO_KEYWORDS);
	}

	/*
	* Document-class: UncaughtThrowError
	*
	* Raised when +throw+ is called with a _tag_ which does not have
	* corresponding +catch+ block.
	*
	* throw "foo", "bar"
	*
	* <em>raises the exception:</em>
	*
	* UncaughtThrowError: uncaught throw "foo"
	*/

	static VALUE
	uncaught_throw_init(int argc, const VALUE *argv, VALUE exc)
	{
	rb_check_arity(argc, 2, UNLIMITED_ARGUMENTS);
	rb_call_super(argc - 2, argv + 2);
	rb_ivar_set(exc, id_tag, argv[0]);
	rb_ivar_set(exc, id_value, argv[1]);
	return exc;
	}

	/*
	* call-seq:
	* uncaught_throw.tag -> obj
	*
	* Return the tag object which was called for.
	*/

	static VALUE
	uncaught_throw_tag(VALUE exc)
	{
	return rb_ivar_get(exc, id_tag);
	}

	/*
	* call-seq:
	* uncaught_throw.value -> obj
	*
	* Return the return value which was called for.
	*/

	static VALUE
	uncaught_throw_value(VALUE exc)
	{
	return rb_ivar_get(exc, id_value);
	}

	/*
	* call-seq:
	* uncaught_throw.to_s -> string
	*
	* Returns formatted message with the inspected tag.
	*/

	static VALUE
	uncaught_throw_to_s(VALUE exc)
	{
	VALUE mesg = rb_attr_get(exc, id_mesg);
	VALUE tag = uncaught_throw_tag(exc);
	return rb_str_format(1, &tag, mesg);
	}

	/*
	* call-seq:
	* throw(tag [, obj])
	*
	* Transfers control to the end of the active +catch+ block
	* waiting for _tag_. Raises +UncaughtThrowError+ if there
	* is no +catch+ block for the _tag_. The optional second
	* parameter supplies a return value for the +catch+ block,
	* which otherwise defaults to +nil+. For examples, see
	* Kernel::catch.
	*/

	static VALUE
	rb_f_throw(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE _)
	{
	VALUE tag, value;

	rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &tag, &value);
	rb_throw_obj(tag, value);
	UNREACHABLE_RETURN(Qnil);
	}

	void
	rb_throw_obj(VALUE tag, VALUE value)
	{
	rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
	struct rb_vm_tag *tt = ec->tag;

	while (tt) {
	if (tt->tag == tag) {
	tt->retval = value;
	break;
	}
	tt = tt->prev;
	}
	if (!tt) {
	VALUE desc[3];
	desc[0] = tag;
	desc[1] = value;
	desc[2] = rb_str_new_cstr("uncaught throw %p");
	rb_exc_raise(rb_class_new_instance(numberof(desc), desc, rb_eUncaughtThrow));
	}

	ec->errinfo = (VALUE)THROW_DATA_NEW(tag, NULL, TAG_THROW);
	EC_JUMP_TAG(ec, TAG_THROW);
	}

	void
	rb_throw(const char *tag, VALUE val)
	{
	rb_throw_obj(rb_sym_intern_ascii_cstr(tag), val);
	}

	static VALUE
	catch_i(RB_BLOCK_CALL_FUNC_ARGLIST(tag, _))
	{
	return rb_yield_0(1, &tag);
	}

	/*
	* call-seq:
	* catch([tag]) {\|tag\| block } -> obj
	*
	* +catch+ executes its block. If +throw+ is not called, the block executes
	* normally, and +catch+ returns the value of the last expression evaluated.
	*
	* catch(1) { 123 } # => 123
	*
	* If <code>throw(tag2, val)</code> is called, Ruby searches up its stack for
	* a +catch+ block whose +tag+ has the same +object_id+ as _tag2_. When found,
	* the block stops executing and returns _val_ (or +nil+ if no second argument
	* was given to +throw+).
	*
	* catch(1) { throw(1, 456) } # => 456
	* catch(1) { throw(1) } # => nil
	*
	* When +tag+ is passed as the first argument, +catch+ yields it as the
	* parameter of the block.
	*
	* catch(1) {\|x\| x + 2 } # => 3
	*
	* When no +tag+ is given, +catch+ yields a new unique object (as from
	* +Object.new+) as the block parameter. This object can then be used as the
	* argument to +throw+, and will match the correct +catch+ block.
	*
	* catch do \|obj_A\|
	* catch do \|obj_B\|
	* throw(obj_B, 123)
	* puts "This puts is not reached"
	* end
	*
	* puts "This puts is displayed"
	* 456
	* end
	*
	* # => 456
	*
	* catch do \|obj_A\|
	* catch do \|obj_B\|
	* throw(obj_A, 123)
	* puts "This puts is still not reached"
	* end
	*
	* puts "Now this puts is also not reached"
	* 456
	* end
	*
	* # => 123
	*/

	static VALUE
	rb_f_catch(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
	{
	VALUE tag = rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1) ? argv[0] : rb_obj_alloc(rb_cObject);
	return rb_catch_obj(tag, catch_i, 0);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_catch(const char *tag, rb_block_call_func_t func, VALUE data)
	{
	VALUE vtag = tag ? rb_sym_intern_ascii_cstr(tag) : rb_obj_alloc(rb_cObject);
	return rb_catch_obj(vtag, func, data);
	}

	static VALUE
	vm_catch_protect(VALUE tag, rb_block_call_func *func, VALUE data,
	enum ruby_tag_type stateptr, rb_execution_context_t volatile ec)
	{
	enum ruby_tag_type state;
	VALUE val = Qnil; /* OK */
	rb_control_frame_t *volatile saved_cfp = ec->cfp;

	EC_PUSH_TAG(ec);

	_tag.tag = tag;

	if ((state = EC_EXEC_TAG()) == TAG_NONE) {
	/* call with argc=1, argv = [tag], block = Qnil to insure compatibility */
	val = (func)(tag, data, 1, (const VALUE )&tag, Qnil);
	}
	else if (state == TAG_THROW && THROW_DATA_VAL((struct vm_throw_data *)ec->errinfo) == tag) {
	rb_vm_rewind_cfp(ec, saved_cfp);
	val = ec->tag->retval;
	ec->errinfo = Qnil;
	state = 0;
	}
	EC_POP_TAG();
	if (stateptr)
	*stateptr = state;

	return val;
	}

	VALUE
	rb_catch_protect(VALUE t, rb_block_call_func func, VALUE data, enum ruby_tag_type stateptr)
	{
	return vm_catch_protect(t, func, data, stateptr, GET_EC());
	}

	VALUE
	rb_catch_obj(VALUE t, rb_block_call_func_t func, VALUE data)
	{
	enum ruby_tag_type state;
	rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
	VALUE val = vm_catch_protect(t, (rb_block_call_func *)func, data, &state, ec);
	if (state) EC_JUMP_TAG(ec, state);
	return val;
	}

	static void
	local_var_list_init(struct local_var_list *vars)
	{
	vars->tbl = rb_ident_hash_new();
	RBASIC_CLEAR_CLASS(vars->tbl);
	}

	static VALUE
	local_var_list_finish(struct local_var_list *vars)
	{
	/* TODO: not to depend on the order of st_table */
	VALUE ary = rb_hash_keys(vars->tbl);
	rb_hash_clear(vars->tbl);
	vars->tbl = 0;
	return ary;
	}

	static int
	local_var_list_update(st_data_t key, st_data_t value, st_data_t arg, int existing)
	{
	if (existing) return ST_STOP;
	value = (st_data_t)Qtrue; / INT2FIX(arg) */
	return ST_CONTINUE;
	}

	static void
	local_var_list_add(const struct local_var_list *vars, ID lid)
	{
	if (lid && rb_is_local_id(lid)) {
	/* should skip temporary variable */
	st_data_t idx = 0; /* tbl->num_entries */
	rb_hash_stlike_update(vars->tbl, ID2SYM(lid), local_var_list_update, idx);
	}
	}

	/*
	* call-seq:
	* local_variables -> array
	*
	* Returns the names of the current local variables.
	*
	* fred = 1
	* for i in 1..10
	* # ...
	* end
	* local_variables #=> [:fred, :i]
	*/

	static VALUE
	rb_f_local_variables(VALUE _)
	{
	struct local_var_list vars;
	rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
	rb_control_frame_t *cfp = vm_get_ruby_level_caller_cfp(ec, RUBY_VM_PREVIOUS_CONTROL_FRAME(ec->cfp));
	unsigned int i;

	local_var_list_init(&vars);
	while (cfp) {
	if (cfp->iseq) {
	for (i = 0; i < cfp->iseq->body->local_table_size; i++) {
	local_var_list_add(&vars, cfp->iseq->body->local_table[i]);
	}
	}
	if (!VM_ENV_LOCAL_P(cfp->ep)) {
	/* block */
	const VALUE *ep = VM_CF_PREV_EP(cfp);

	if (vm_collect_local_variables_in_heap(ep, &vars)) {
	break;
	}
	else {
	while (cfp->ep != ep) {
	cfp = RUBY_VM_PREVIOUS_CONTROL_FRAME(cfp);
	}
	}
	}
	else {
	break;
	}
	}
	return local_var_list_finish(&vars);
	}

	/*
	* call-seq:
	* block_given? -> true or false
	*
	* Returns <code>true</code> if <code>yield</code> would execute a
	* block in the current context. The <code>iterator?</code> form
	* is mildly deprecated.
	*
	* def try
	* if block_given?
	* yield
	* else
	* "no block"
	* end
	* end
	* try #=> "no block"
	* try { "hello" } #=> "hello"
	* try do "hello" end #=> "hello"
	*/

	static VALUE
	rb_f_block_given_p(VALUE _)
	{
	rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
	rb_control_frame_t *cfp = ec->cfp;
	cfp = vm_get_ruby_level_caller_cfp(ec, RUBY_VM_PREVIOUS_CONTROL_FRAME(cfp));

	if (cfp != NULL && VM_CF_BLOCK_HANDLER(cfp) != VM_BLOCK_HANDLER_NONE) {
	return Qtrue;
	}
	else {
	return Qfalse;
	}
	}

	/*
	* call-seq:
	* iterator? -> true or false
	*
	* Deprecated. Use block_given? instead.
	*/

	static VALUE
	rb_f_iterator_p(VALUE self)
	{
	rb_warn_deprecated("iterator?", "block_given?");
	return rb_f_block_given_p(self);
	}

	VALUE
	rb_current_realfilepath(void)
	{
	const rb_execution_context_t *ec = GET_EC();
	rb_control_frame_t *cfp = ec->cfp;
	cfp = vm_get_ruby_level_caller_cfp(ec, RUBY_VM_PREVIOUS_CONTROL_FRAME(cfp));
	if (cfp != 0) return rb_iseq_realpath(cfp->iseq);
	return Qnil;
	}

	void
	Init_vm_eval(void)
	{
	rb_define_global_function("eval", rb_f_eval, -1);
	rb_define_global_function("local_variables", rb_f_local_variables, 0);
	rb_define_global_function("iterator?", rb_f_iterator_p, 0);
	rb_define_global_function("block_given?", rb_f_block_given_p, 0);

	rb_define_global_function("catch", rb_f_catch, -1);
	rb_define_global_function("throw", rb_f_throw, -1);

	rb_define_global_function("loop", rb_f_loop, 0);

	rb_define_method(rb_cBasicObject, "instance_eval", rb_obj_instance_eval_internal, -1);
	rb_define_method(rb_cBasicObject, "instance_exec", rb_obj_instance_exec_internal, -1);
	rb_define_private_method(rb_cBasicObject, "method_missing", rb_method_missing, -1);

	#if 1
	rb_add_method(rb_cBasicObject, id__send__,
	VM_METHOD_TYPE_OPTIMIZED, (void *)OPTIMIZED_METHOD_TYPE_SEND, METHOD_VISI_PUBLIC);
	rb_add_method(rb_mKernel, idSend,
	VM_METHOD_TYPE_OPTIMIZED, (void *)OPTIMIZED_METHOD_TYPE_SEND, METHOD_VISI_PUBLIC);
	#else
	rb_define_method(rb_cBasicObject, "__send__", rb_f_send, -1);
	rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "send", rb_f_send, -1);
	#endif
	rb_define_method(rb_mKernel, "public_send", rb_f_public_send, -1);

	rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "module_exec", rb_mod_module_exec_internal, -1);
	rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "class_exec", rb_mod_module_exec_internal, -1);
	rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "module_eval", rb_mod_module_eval_internal, -1);
	rb_define_method(rb_cModule, "class_eval", rb_mod_module_eval_internal, -1);

	rb_eUncaughtThrow = rb_define_class("UncaughtThrowError", rb_eArgError);
	rb_define_method(rb_eUncaughtThrow, "initialize", uncaught_throw_init, -1);
	rb_define_method(rb_eUncaughtThrow, "tag", uncaught_throw_tag, 0);
	rb_define_method(rb_eUncaughtThrow, "value", uncaught_throw_value, 0);
	rb_define_method(rb_eUncaughtThrow, "to_s", uncaught_throw_to_s, 0);

	id_result = rb_intern_const("result");
	id_tag = rb_intern_const("tag");
	id_value = rb_intern_const("value");
	}

	#endif /* #ifndef MJIT_HEADER */

ruby / ruby

ruby/vm_eval.c

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