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as a successor of a language called ABC. Guido remains Python's
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principal author, although it includes many contributions from others.
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In 1995, Guido continued his work on Python at the Corporation for
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in Reston, Virginia where he released several versions of the
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software.
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In May 2000, Guido and the Python core development team moved to
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BeOpen.com to form the BeOpen PythonLabs team. In October of the same
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year, the PythonLabs team moved to Digital Creations, which became
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Zope Corporation. In 2001, the Python Software Foundation (PSF, see
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https://www.python.org/psf/) was formed, a non-profit organization
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created specifically to own Python-related Intellectual Property.
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Zope Corporation was a sponsoring member of the PSF.
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the Open Source Definition). Historically, most, but not all, Python
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releases have also been GPL-compatible; the table below summarizes
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the various releases.
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Release Derived Year Owner GPL-
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0.9.0 thru 1.2 1991-1995 CWI yes
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1.3 thru 1.5.2 1.2 1995-1999 CNRI yes
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1.6 1.5.2 2000 CNRI no
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2.0 1.6 2000 BeOpen.com no
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2.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF no
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2.0.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF yes
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2.1.1 2.1+2.0.1 2001 PSF yes
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Footnotes:
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(1) GPL-compatible doesn't mean that we're distributing Python under
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the GPL. All Python licenses, unlike the GPL, let you distribute
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a modified version without making your changes open source. The
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GPL-compatible licenses make it possible to combine Python with
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other software that is released under the GPL; the others don't.
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(2) According to Richard Stallman, 1.6.1 is not GPL-compatible,
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because its license has a choice of law clause. According to
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CNRI, however, Stallman's lawyer has told CNRI's lawyer that 1.6.1
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is "not incompatible" with the GPL.
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Thanks to the many outside volunteers who have worked under Guido's
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direction to make these releases possible.
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B. TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR ACCESSING OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON
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===============================================================
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Python software and documentation are licensed under the
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Python Software Foundation License Version 2.
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Starting with Python 3.8.6, examples, recipes, and other code in
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the documentation are dual licensed under the PSF License Version 2
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and the Zero-Clause BSD license.
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Some software incorporated into Python is under different licenses.
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The licenses are listed with code falling under that license.
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PYTHON SOFTWARE FOUNDATION LICENSE VERSION 2
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--------------------------------------------
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1. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Python Software Foundation
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("PSF"), and the Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and
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otherwise using this software ("Python") in source or binary form and
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its associated documentation.
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2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, PSF hereby
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grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce,
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analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works,
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distribute, and otherwise use Python alone or in any derivative version,
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provided, however, that PSF's License Agreement and PSF's notice of copyright,
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2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022 Python Software Foundation;
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the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then
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Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of
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basis. PSF MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
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IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, PSF MAKES NO AND
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DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
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INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
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5. PSF SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON
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FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS
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A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON,
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OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
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6. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material
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breach of its terms and conditions.
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7. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to create any
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relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture between PSF and
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Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant permission to use PSF
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trademarks or trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote
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products or services of Licensee, or any third party.
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BEOPEN.COM LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 2.0
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-------------------------------------------
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1. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between BeOpen.com ("BeOpen"), having an
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office at 160 Saratoga Avenue, Santa Clara, CA 95051, and the
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Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using
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this software in source or binary form and its associated
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documentation ("the Software").
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2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this BeOpen Python License
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Agreement, BeOpen hereby grants Licensee a non-exclusive,
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royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform
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and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works, distribute, and
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otherwise use the Software alone or in any derivative version,
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provided, however, that the BeOpen Python License is retained in the
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Software, alone or in any derivative version prepared by Licensee.
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basis. BEOPEN MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
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IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, BEOPEN MAKES NO AND
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DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
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FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE WILL NOT
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INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
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SOFTWARE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS
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AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE, OR ANY
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DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
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respects by the law of the State of California, excluding conflict of
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law provisions. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to
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create any relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture
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between BeOpen and Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant
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permission to use BeOpen trademarks or trade names in a trademark
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sense to endorse or promote products or services of Licensee, or any
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third party. As an exception, the "BeOpen Python" logos available at
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http://www.pythonlabs.com/logos.html may be used according to the
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permissions granted on that web page.
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agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License
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Agreement.
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CNRI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 1.6.1
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---------------------------------------
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1. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Corporation for National
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Research Initiatives, having an office at 1895 Preston White Drive,
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Reston, VA 20191 ("CNRI"), and the Individual or Organization
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("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using Python 1.6.1 software in
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source or binary form and its associated documentation.
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2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, CNRI
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hereby grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide
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license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly,
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alone or in any derivative version, provided, however, that CNRI's
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License Agreement and CNRI's notice of copyright, i.e., "Copyright (c)
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1995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives; All Rights
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Reserved" are retained in Python 1.6.1 alone or in any derivative
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version prepared by Licensee. Alternately, in lieu of CNRI's License
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Agreement, Licensee may substitute the following text (omitting the
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quotes): "Python 1.6.1 is made available subject to the terms and
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conditions in CNRI's License Agreement. This Agreement together with
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or incorporates Python 1.6.1 or any part thereof, and wants to make
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the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then
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Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of
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the changes made to Python 1.6.1.
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4. CNRI is making Python 1.6.1 available to Licensee on an "AS IS"
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basis. CNRI MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
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IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, CNRI MAKES NO AND
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INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
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5. CNRI SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON
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1.6.1 FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS
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A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON 1.6.1,
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OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
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6. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material
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breach of its terms and conditions.
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7. This License Agreement shall be governed by the federal
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intellectual property law of the United States, including without
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limitation the federal copyright law, and, to the extent such
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U.S. federal law does not apply, by the law of the Commonwealth of
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Virginia, excluding Virginia's conflict of law provisions.
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Notwithstanding the foregoing, with regard to derivative works based
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on Python 1.6.1 that incorporate non-separable material that was
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previously distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPL), the
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law of the Commonwealth of Virginia shall govern this License
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Agreement only as to issues arising under or with respect to
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Paragraphs 4, 5, and 7 of this License Agreement. Nothing in this
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License Agreement shall be deemed to create any relationship of
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agency, partnership, or joint venture between CNRI and Licensee. This
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License Agreement does not grant permission to use CNRI trademarks or
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trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote products or
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services of Licensee, or any third party.
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installing or otherwise using Python 1.6.1, Licensee agrees to be
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bound by the terms and conditions of this License Agreement.
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CWI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 0.9.0 THROUGH 1.2
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--------------------------------------------------
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Copyright (c) 1991 - 1995, Stichting Mathematisch Centrum Amsterdam,
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The Netherlands. All rights reserved.
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Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
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documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
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provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that
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both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
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supporting documentation, and that the name of Stichting Mathematisch
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Centrum or CWI not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
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distribution of the software without specific, written prior
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permission.
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STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO
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THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
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FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM BE LIABLE
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FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
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WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
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ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
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OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
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ZERO-CLAUSE BSD LICENSE FOR CODE IN THE PYTHON DOCUMENTATION
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
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purpose with or without fee is hereby granted.
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THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
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REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
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AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
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INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
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LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR
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OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
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PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.