_struct.Struct not defining a valid __module__ by prefixing its tp_name slot with "_struct" is inconsistent with every other extension type which is available in the corresponding module globals.

From the documentation of the tp_name slot:

Pointer to a NUL-terminated string containing the name of the type. For types that are accessible as module globals, the string should be the full module name, followed by a dot, followed by the type name; for built-in types, it should be just the type name. If the module is a submodule of a package, the full package name is part of the full module name. For example, a type named T defined in module M in subpackage Q in package P should have the tp_name initializer "P.Q.M.T".

For dynamically allocated type objects, this should just be the type name, and the module name explicitly stored in the type dict as the value for key '__module__'.

----

I know that this is also a way to make something unpickleable, but that seems like a poor way to do it and since _struct.Struct was relatively alone in this, I figured it was an oversight.

At the end is the script I made to display all currently alive "builtins" classes that have been "PyType_Ready"ed. For brevity I further manually filtered out obvious cases where a specified module would be inappropriate.

The main point is that I think the new contextvars classes, _struct.Struct, and the weakref classes are missing the "_struct", "_contextvars", and "_weakref" prefixes in their tp_name slots, respectively. Since _contextvars is one of the few extension modules using the multiphase initialization protocol, maybe it should go in their type dicts (although the prefix method still works) instead, although i think the docs were referring to heap allocated types.

if __name__=='__main__':
    import sys, collections
    subclassesof = type.__subclasses__
    def get_types(*names):
        r = {"__builtins__":{'__import__':__import__, 'globals':globals}}
        for name in names:
            exec(f'from {name} import __dict__ as d; globals().update(d)', r)
        return dict.fromkeys(r[k] for k in r if isinstance(r[k],type)).keys()
    def derivative_classes(cls):
        a = b = r = {*subclassesof(cls)}
        while b:
            r, a, b, = r|b, b, set().union(*map(subclassesof, b))
        return r | a    
    classes = derivative_classes(object)
    singles = None, NotImplemented, ...
    od = collections.OrderedDict()
    odtypes = iter(od), od.keys(), od.items(), od.values()
    bltns = {cls for cls in classes if cls.__module__=='builtins'}
    bltns-= get_types('builtins', 'types', '_collections_abc')
    bltns-= {*map(type, odtypes)} | {*map(type, singles)}
    for cls in sorted(bltns, key=vars(type)['__name__'].__get__):
        print(f'# {sys.getrefcount(cls):4} {cls.__name__}')

# all of these are in _contextvars.__dict__ but have their __module__=='builtins':
# 25 Context
# 15 ContextVar
# 12 Token

# from _struct
# 23 Struct # IS in _struct.__dict__
# 11 unpack_iterator # no tp_new so make sense to leave as-is

# These are here because it's a mystery how they were included in the results
# without importing _testcapi:
# 25 hamt
# 8 hamt_array_node
# 8 hamt_bitmap_node
# 8 hamt_collision_node

# no idea what these are:
# 11 items
# 11 values
# 11 keys

# these are all in _weakref.__dict__
# 76 weakcallableproxy
# 76 weakproxy
# 32 weakref

It was fixed for _struct in 4f384af (bpo-38076) and for _contextvars in 988f1ec (bpo-1635741).

hamt, items, etc are private types.