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Stack overflow collecting PGO data on Windows #113655

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mdboom opened this issue Jan 2, 2024 · 21 comments
Open

Stack overflow collecting PGO data on Windows #113655

mdboom opened this issue Jan 2, 2024 · 21 comments
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3.12 bugs and security fixes 3.13 new features, bugs and security fixes build The build process and cross-build deferred-blocker OS-windows performance Performance or resource usage type-bug An unexpected behavior, bug, or error

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@mdboom
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mdboom commented Jan 2, 2024

Bug report

Bug description:

During a PGO build on Windows on main (471aa75), a test in test_functools fails with a stack overflow.

Full log of build

PCbuild\build.bat --pgo
0:02:50 load avg: 0.35 [19/44] test_functools
Windows fatal exception: stack overflow

Thread 0x00002b38 (most recent call first):
  File "C:\actions-runner\_work\benchmarking\benchmarking\cpython\Lib\test\libregrtest\win_utils.py", line 43 in _update_load

Current thread 0x00000e3c (most recent call first):
  File "C:\actions-runner\_work\benchmarking\benchmarking\cpython\Lib\test\test_functools.py", line 1[875](https://github.com/faster-cpython/benchmarking/actions/runs/7367240496/job/20050307979#step:10:876) in fib
  File "C:\actions-runner\_work\benchmarking\benchmarking\cpython\Lib\test\test_functools.py", line 1875 in fib
  ...

C:\actions-runner\_work\benchmarking\benchmarking\cpython>"C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\MSBuild\Current\Bin\msbuild.exe" "C:\actions-runner\_work\benchmarking\benchmarking\cpython\PCbuild\\pythoncore.vcxproj" /t:KillPython /nologo /v:m /clp:summary /p:Configuration=PGInstrument /p:Platform=x64 /p:KillPython=true 

  Killing any running python.exe instances...

C:\actions-runner\_work\benchmarking\benchmarking\cpython\PCbuild\pyproject.props(184,5): error : PGO run did not succeed (no python313!*.pgc files) and there is no data to merge [C:\actions-runner\_work\benchmarking\benchmarking\cpython\PCbuild\pythoncore.vcxproj]

Build FAILED.

CPython versions tested on:

CPython main branch

Operating systems tested on:

Windows

Linked PRs

@mdboom mdboom added type-bug An unexpected behavior, bug, or error performance Performance or resource usage labels Jan 2, 2024
@mdboom mdboom self-assigned this Jan 2, 2024
@itamaro itamaro added build The build process and cross-build OS-windows labels Jan 2, 2024
@gvanrossum
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Trying to repro, I can't even manage to complete a PGO build (first step above).

@mdboom
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mdboom commented Jan 2, 2024

It sounds like you are repro'ing (I probably wasn't clear enough). It fails during the PGO build while running the tests that generate PGO data.

git bisect tells me the first bad commit is: 45e09f9 (which increased the recursion limit, which at least seems related).

@mdboom
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mdboom commented Jan 2, 2024

It looks like 45e09f9 introduced the failing test, so it could just be that the test is incorrect (rather than a test going from passing to failing).

@gvanrossum
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Ah, you're right, the output similar to yours scrolled off my screen. :-(

You should be able to experiment with some of the numbers changed by the PR to see which one affects the Windows PGO build. The stack limit is definitely an ongoing discussion.

@mdboom
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mdboom commented Jan 2, 2024

Windows release buildbots are similarly failing: https://buildbot.python.org/all/#/builders/914/builds/3274/steps/4/logs/stdio

@gvanrossum
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So it is crashing in this addition to test_functools.py:

    @support.skip_on_s390x
    @unittest.skipIf(support.is_wasi, "WASI has limited C stack")
    def test_lru_recursion(self):

        @self.module.lru_cache
        def fib(n):
            if n <= 1:
                return n
            return fib(n-1) + fib(n-2)

        if not support.Py_DEBUG:
            with support.infinite_recursion():
                fib(2500)

My conclusion is that the increased default C recursion limit is too large for the platform and we hit a stack overflow. Maybe try setting Py_C_RECURSION_LIMIT to something smaller than 8000? (I am trying now with 4000.)

@mdboom
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mdboom commented Jan 2, 2024

My conclusion is that the increased default C recursion limit is too large for the platform and we hit a stack overflow. Maybe try setting Py_C_RECURSION_LIMIT to something smaller than 8000? (I am trying now with 4000.)

Yes -- my experimentation arrived at that too. 5,000 is too large, but 4,000 seems to work. See #113668.

@mdboom mdboom added the 3.12 bugs and security fixes label Jan 2, 2024
@gvanrossum
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Also, this docstring (deleted by that PR) suggests a possible cause:

    """Set a lower limit for tests that interact with infinite recursions
    (e.g test_ast.ASTHelpers_Test.test_recursion_direct) since on some
    debug windows builds, due to not enough functions being inlined the
    stack size might not handle the default recursion limit (1000). See
    bpo-11105 for details."""

Maybe we are running into the inlining problem even in non-debug mode?

@gvanrossum
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Let's put this on tomorrow's agenda.

@zooba
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zooba commented Jan 5, 2024

Since Windows 8, we've had GetCurrentThreadStackLimits, which should be able to give us a better estimate of how many native frames will fit in various configurations. We can also pass in the initial stack size as a preprocessor variable, though it's very possible to create new threads with different sizes, and I believe we might use a smaller stack for new threads already?

If we have any references to stack variables that are passed between frames (e.g. a pointer to a local in EvalFrame that's available in the next EvalFrame) then we can get the size of each recursion from the current build. Of course, that'll vary based on how it recurses (and how many of our own native APIs it goes through), but it's likely better than guessing. At the very least, it might be helpful for some assertions to detect when the guesses are invalidated.

A true solution would be to use structured exception handling and catch the stack overflow in EvalFrame. That's going to leave things in a pretty messy state though (leaked references at a minimum, and likely worse), so I think it's better to just crash.

@zooba
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zooba commented Jan 5, 2024

Since Windows 8, we've had GetCurrentThreadStackLimits

We could also just check this against the address of a local in a function and raise if we're within some distance from the extent of the stack. It won't be a predictable number of recursions, and it may still be possible to use native recursion to cause a crash, but it should be fairly simple to implement and isn't really any worse than the alternatives.

@mdboom mdboom changed the title Python stack overflow collecting PGO data on Windows Stack overflow collecting PGO data on Windows Jan 5, 2024
@zooba zooba added release-blocker 3.13 new features, bugs and security fixes labels Jan 8, 2024
@mdboom
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mdboom commented Jan 16, 2024

@markshannon It seems that even with #113944 merged, this bug still persists -- PGO build log. It's this line:

File "C:\actions-runner\_work\benchmarking\benchmarking\cpython\Lib\test\test_functools.py", line 1875 in fib

@zooba
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zooba commented Jan 16, 2024

Ditto for the (test) release build: https://dev.azure.com/Python/cpython/_build/results?buildId=147745&view=logs&j=b9a7e24a-1d9b-5019-7703-8e6075dba299&t=e637a57b-456d-5614-0397-39924ec65ef2

Should we perhaps set the default limit based on "reasonable stack depth without users being aware that they'll need more" rather than trying to eke out as many frames as possible based on pre-compile time heuristics?

@markshannon
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Can we detect when profiling is being run? If so, we could skip the offending test, test_lru_recursion, during profiling.

@zooba
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zooba commented Jan 16, 2024

Yeah, Lib/test/libregrtest/pgo.py has the set of implied command line options, so it can be added to that. My bad, exclusions have already been separated out. But support.PGO should be True so can skip on that.

@zooba
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zooba commented Jan 16, 2024

My main concern though was whether we think this code path is important to profile? Are we likely to trace through it another way?

@mdboom
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mdboom commented Jan 16, 2024

Even if we skip the test for profiling (I agree it probably doesn't make PGO better), wouldn't it just fail on full test suite runs elsewhere (and indicate a bug)?

EDIT: I see the further discussion in #114148 now -- seems like just disabling in PGO isn't the plan now anyway.

@zooba
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zooba commented Jan 16, 2024

We shouldn't have bigger stack frames in PGO build than a Release build, though that is what I'll be testing next once my build is done. It's just the instrumented build that is bigger than predicted.

@zooba
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zooba commented Jan 16, 2024

Turns out we do still crash - PGO must decide to use more locals, or inline something with locals. I'll try and figure out the stack size we need and we can just boost up the memory usage until we get a better way to prevent overflow.

@zooba
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zooba commented Jan 16, 2024

Looks like an extra 40KB is enough, but I'll add on a whole MB to be safe.

@zooba
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zooba commented Jan 16, 2024

The final change in #114148 adds an extra MB of stack space for PGO builds, which I'd rather not keep in there. Once the next alpha is out (today or tomorrow - currently blocked on this issue) then we can take that out and find a better way to prevent overflows without consuming extra memory for every thread.

zooba added a commit to zooba/cpython that referenced this issue Jan 18, 2024
Dev-Mw added a commit to Dev-Mw/cpython that referenced this issue Jan 21, 2024
* gh-111926: Set up basic sementics of weakref API for freethreading (gh-113621)

---------

Co-authored-by: Sam Gross <colesbury@gmail.com>

* gh-113603: Compiler no longer tries to maintain the no-empty-block invariant (#113636)

* gh-113258: Write frozen modules to the build tree on Windows (GH-113303)

This ensures the source directory is not modified at build time, and different builds (e.g. different versions or GIL vs no-GIL) do not have conflicts.

* Document the `co_lines` method on code objects (#113682)

Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>

* gh-52161: Enhance Cmd support for docstrings (#110987)

In `cmd.Cmd.do_help` call `inspect.cleandoc()`,
to clean indentation and remove leading/trailing empty
lines from a dosctring before printing.

* GH-113689: Fix broken handling of invalid executors (GH-113694)

* gh-113696: Docs: Annotate PyObject_CallOneArg and PyObject_CallNoArgs as returning a strong reference (#113697)

* gh-113569: Display calls in Mock.assert_has_calls failure when empty (GH-113573)

* gh-113538: Don't error in stream reader protocol callback when task is cancelled (#113690)

* GH-113225: Speed up `pathlib.Path.glob()` (#113226)

Use `os.DirEntry.path` as the string representation of child paths, unless
the parent path is empty, in which case we use the entry `name`.

* gh-112532: Isolate abandoned segments by interpreter (#113717)

* gh-112532: Isolate abandoned segments by interpreter

Mimalloc segments are data structures that contain memory allocations along
with metadata. Each segment is "owned" by a thread. When a thread exits,
it abandons its segments to a global pool to be later reclaimed by other
threads. This changes the pool to be per-interpreter instead of process-wide.

This will be important for when we use mimalloc to find GC objects in the
`--disable-gil` builds. We want heaps to only store Python objects from a
single interpreter. Absent this change, the abandoning and reclaiming process
could break this isolation.

* Add missing '&_mi_abandoned_default' to 'tld_empty'

* gh-113320: Reduce the number of dangerous `getattr()` calls when constructing protocol classes (#113401)

- Only attempt to figure out whether protocol members are "method members" or not if the class is marked as a runtime protocol. This information is irrelevant for non-runtime protocols; we can safely skip the risky introspection for them.
- Only do the risky getattr() calls in one place (the runtime_checkable class decorator), rather than in three places (_ProtocolMeta.__init__, _ProtocolMeta.__instancecheck__ and _ProtocolMeta.__subclasscheck__). This reduces the number of locations in typing.py where the risky introspection could go wrong.
- For runtime protocols, if determining whether a protocol member is callable or not fails, give a better error message. I think it's reasonable for us to reject runtime protocols that have members which raise strange exceptions when you try to access them. PEP-544 clearly states that all protocol member must be callable for issubclass() calls against the protocol to be valid -- and if a member raises when we try to access it, there's no way for us to figure out whether it's a callable member or not!

* GH-113486: Do not emit spurious PY_UNWIND events for optimized calls to classes. (GH-113680)

* gh-113703: Correctly identify incomplete f-strings in the codeop module (#113709)

* gh-101100: Fix Sphinx warnings for 2.6 deprecations and removals (#113725)

Co-authored-by: Alex Waygood <Alex.Waygood@Gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>

* gh-80532: Do not set ipv6type when cross-compiling (#17956)

Co-authored-by: Xavier de Gaye <xdegaye@gmail.com>

* gh-101100: Fix Sphinx warnings in `library/pyclbr.rst` (#113739)

Co-authored-by: Alex Waygood <Alex.Waygood@Gmail.com>

* gh-112532: Tag mimalloc heaps and pages (#113742)

* gh-112532: Tag mimalloc heaps and pages

Mimalloc pages are data structures that contain contiguous allocations
of the same block size. Note that they are distinct from operating
system pages. Mimalloc pages are contained in segments.

When a thread exits, it abandons any segments and contained pages that
have live allocations. These segments and pages may be later reclaimed
by another thread. To support GC and certain thread-safety guarantees in
free-threaded builds, we want pages to only be reclaimed by the
corresponding heap in the claimant thread. For example, we want pages
containing GC objects to only be claimed by GC heaps.

This allows heaps and pages to be tagged with an integer tag that is
used to ensure that abandoned pages are only claimed by heaps with the
same tag. Heaps can be initialized with a tag (0-15); any page allocated
by that heap copies the corresponding tag.

* Fix conversion warning

* gh-113688: Split up gcmodule.c (gh-113715)

This splits part of Modules/gcmodule.c of into Python/gc.c, which
now contains the core garbage collection implementation. The Python
module remain in the Modules/gcmodule.c file.

* GH-113568: Stop raising auditing events from pathlib ABCs (#113571)

Raise auditing events in `pathlib.Path.glob()`, `rglob()` and `walk()`,
but not in `pathlib._abc.PathBase` methods. Also move generation of a
deprecation warning into `pathlib.Path` so it gets the right stack level.

* gh-85567: Fix resouce warnings in pickle and pickletools CLIs (GH-113618)

Explicitly open and close files instead of using FileType.

* gh-113360: Fix the documentation of module's attribute __test__ (GH-113393)

It can only be a dict since Python 2.4.

* GH-113568: Stop raising deprecation warnings from pathlib ABCs (#113757)

* gh-113750: Fix object resurrection in free-threaded builds (gh-113751)

gh-113750: Fix object resurrection on free-threaded builds

This avoids the undesired re-initializing of fields like `ob_gc_bits`,
`ob_mutex`, and `ob_tid` when an object is resurrected due to its
finalizer being called.

This change has no effect on the default (with GIL) build.

* gh-113729: Fix IDLE's Help -> "IDLE Help" menu bug in 3.12.1 and 3.11.7 (#113731)

Co-authored-by: Terry Jan Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu>

* gh-113537: support loads str in plistlib.loads (#113582)

Add support for loading XML plists from a string value instead of a only bytes value.

* gh-111488: Changed error message in case of no 'in' keyword after 'for' in cmp (#113656)

* gh-107901: synthetic jumps which are not at end of loop no longer check the eval breaker (#113721)

* GH-113528: pathlib ABC tests: add repr to dummy path classes. (#113777)

The `DummyPurePath` and `DummyPath` test classes are simple subclasses of
`PurePathBase` and `PathBase`. This commit adds `__repr__()` methods to the
dummy classes, which makes debugging test failures less painful.

* GH-113528: Split up pathlib tests for invalid basenames. (#113776)

Split test cases for invalid names into dedicated test methods. This will
make it easier to refactor tests for invalid name handling in ABCs later.

No change of coverage, just a change of test suite organisation.

* GH-113528: Slightly improve `pathlib.Path.glob()` tests for symlink loop handling (#113763)

Slightly improve `pathlib.Path.glob()` tests for symlink loop handling

When filtering results, ignore paths with more than one `linkD/` segment,
rather than all paths below the first `linkD/` segment. This allows us
to test that other paths under `linkD/` are correctly returned.

* GH-113528: Deoptimise `pathlib._abc.PurePathBase.name` (#113531)

Replace usage of `_from_parsed_parts()` with `with_segments()` in
`with_name()`, and take a similar approach in `name` for consistency's
sake.

* GH-113528: Deoptimise `pathlib._abc.PurePathBase.parent` (#113530)

Replace use of `_from_parsed_parts()` with `with_segments()`, and move
assignments to `_drv`, `_root`, _tail_cached` and `_str` slots into
`PurePath`.

* GH-113528: Deoptimise `pathlib._abc.PurePathBase.relative_to()` (#113529)

Replace use of `_from_parsed_parts()` with `with_segments()` in
`PurePathBase.relative_to()`, and move the assignment of `_drv`, `_root`
and `_tail_cached` slots into `PurePath.relative_to()`.

* gh-89532: Remove LibreSSL workarounds (#28728)

Remove LibreSSL specific workaround ifdefs from `_ssl.c` and delete the non-version-specific `_ssl_data.h` file (relevant for OpenSSL < 1.1.1, which we no longer support per PEP 644).

Co-authored-by: Christian Heimes <christian@python.org>
Co-authored-by: Gregory P. Smith <greg@krypto.org>

* gh-112795: Allow `/` folder in a zipfile (#112932)

Allow extraction (no-op) of a "/" folder in a zipfile, they are commonly added by some archive creation tools.

Co-authored-by: Erlend E. Aasland <erlend@python.org>
Co-authored-by: Gregory P. Smith <greg@krypto.org>

* gh-73965: New environment variable PYTHON_HISTORY (#13208)

It can be used to set the location of a .python_history file

---------

Co-authored-by: Levi Sabah <0xl3vi@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>

* gh-73965: Move PYTHON_HISTORY into the correct usage section (#113798)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

* gh-80109: Fix io.TextIOWrapper dropping the internal buffer during write() (GH-22535)

io.TextIOWrapper was dropping the internal decoding buffer
during read() and write() calls.

* gh-74678: Increase base64 test coverage (GH-21913)

Ensure the character y is disallowed within an Ascii85 5-tuple.

Co-authored-by: Lee Cannon <leecannon@leecannon.xyz>

* gh-110721: Remove unused code from suggestions.c after moving PyErr_Display to use the traceback module (#113712)

* gh-113391: fix outdated PyObject_HasAttr docs (#113420)

After #53875: PyObject_HasAttr is not an equivalent of hasattr.
PyObject_HasAttrWithError is; it already has the note.

* gh-113787: Fix refleaks in test_capi (gh-113816)

Fix refleaks and a typo.

* gh-113755: Fully adapt gcmodule.c to Argument Clinic (#113756)

Adapt the following functions to Argument Clinic:

- gc.set_threshold
- gc.get_referrers
- gc.get_referents

* Minor algebraic simplification for the totient() recipe (gh-113822)

* GH-113528: Move a few misplaced pathlib tests (#113527)

`PurePathBase` does not define `__eq__()`, and so we have no business checking path equality in `test_eq_common` and `test_equivalences`. The tests only pass at the moment because we define the test class's `__eq__()` for use elsewhere.

Also move `test_parse_path_common` into the main pathlib test suite. It exercises a private `_parse_path()` method that will be moved to `PurePath` soon.

Lastly move a couple more tests concerned with optimisations and path normalisation.

* gh-113688: fix dtrace build on Solaris (#113814)

(the gcmodule -> gc refactoring broke it)

* GH-113528: Speed up pathlib ABC tests. (#113788)

- Add `__slots__` to dummy path classes.
- Return namedtuple rather than `os.stat_result` from `DummyPath.stat()`.
- Reduce maximum symlink count in `DummyPathWithSymlinks.resolve()`.

* gh-113791: Expose CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW_APPROX and CLOCK_UPTIME_RAW_APROX on macOS in the time module (#113792)

* GH-111693: Propagate correct asyncio.CancelledError instance out of asyncio.Condition.wait() (#111694)

Also fix a race condition in `asyncio.Semaphore.acquire()` when cancelled.

* gh-113827: Move Windows frozen modules directory to allow PGO builds (GH-113828)

* gh-113027: Fix test_variable_tzname in test_email (#113821)

Determine the support of the Kyiv timezone by checking the result of
astimezone() which uses the system tz database and not the one
populated by zoneinfo.

* readme: fix displaying issue of command (#113719)

Avoid line break in command as this causes displaying issues on GH.

* gh-112806: Remove unused function warnings during mimalloc build on Solaris (#112807)

* gh-112808: Fix mimalloc build on Solaris (#112809)

* gh-112087: Update list.{pop,clear,reverse,remove} to use CS (gh-113764)

* Docs: Link tokens in the format string grammars (#108184)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+aa-turner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Sergey B Kirpichev <skirpichev@gmail.com>

* gh-113692: skip a test if multiprocessing isn't available. (GH-113704)

* gh-101100: Fix Sphinx warnings for 2.6 port-specific deprecations (#113752)

* gh-113842: Add missing error check for PyIter_Next() in Python/symtable.c (GH-113843)

* gh-87868: Sort and remove duplicates in getenvironment() (GH-102731)

Co-authored-by: Alex Waygood <Alex.Waygood@Gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Pieter Eendebak <pieter.eendebak@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Erlend E. Aasland <erlend.aasland@protonmail.com>

* gh-103092: Test _ctypes type hierarchy and features (#113727)

Test the following features for _ctypes types:
- disallow instantiation
- inheritance (MRO)
- immutability
- type name

The following _ctypes types are tested:
- Array
- CField
- COMError
- PyCArrayType
- PyCFuncPtrType
- PyCPointerType
- PyCSimpleType
- PyCStructType
- Structure
- Union
- UnionType
- _CFuncPtr
- _Pointer
- _SimpleCData

Co-authored-by: Erlend E. Aasland <erlend.aasland@protonmail.com>

* gh-113650: Add workaround option for MSVC ARM64 bug affecting string encoding (GH-113836)

* Fix opcode name printing in debug mode (#113870)

Fix a few places where the lltrace debug output printed ``(null)`` instead of an opcode name, because it was calling ``_PyUOpName()`` on a Tier-1 opcode.

* Simplify binomial approximation example with random.binomialvariate() (gh-113871)

* GH-113528: Deoptimise `pathlib._abc.PathBase._make_child_relpath()` (#113532)

Call straight through to `joinpath()` in `PathBase._make_child_relpath()`.
Move optimised/caching code to `pathlib.Path._make_child_relpath()`

* gh-113848: Use PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches() for check for CancelledError (GH-113849)

* gh-113848: Handle CancelledError subclasses in asyncio TaskGroup() and timeout() (GH-113850)

* gh-113781: Silence AttributeError in warning module during Python finalization (GH-113813)

The tracemalloc module can already be cleared.

* GH-113661: unittest runner: Don't exit 5 if tests were skipped (#113856)

The intention of exiting 5 was to detect issues where the test suite
wasn't discovered at all. If we skipped tests, it was correctly
discovered.

* GH-113528: Deoptimise `pathlib._abc.PathBase.resolve()` (#113782)

Replace use of `_from_parsed_parts()` with `with_segments()` in
`resolve()`.

No effect on `Path.resolve()`, which uses `os.path.realpath()`.

* gh-66060: Use actual class name in _io type's __repr__ (#30824)

Use the object's actual class name in the following _io type's __repr__:
- FileIO
- TextIOWrapper
- _WindowsConsoleIO

* GH-113528: Deoptimise `pathlib._abc.PurePathBase.parts` (#113883)

Implement `parts` using `_stack`, which itself calls `pathmod.split()`
repeatedly. This avoids use of `_tail`, which will be moved to `PurePath`
shortly.

* GH-113528: Deoptimise `pathlib._abc.PurePathBase.relative_to()` (again) (#113882)

Restore full battle-tested implementations of `PurePath.[is_]relative_to()`. These were recently split up in 3375dfe and a15a773.

In `PurePathBase`, add entirely new implementations based on `_stack`, which itself calls `pathmod.split()` repeatedly to disassemble a path. These new implementations preserve features like trailing slashes where possible, while still observing that a `..` segment cannot be added to traverse an empty or `.` segment in *walk_up* mode. They do not rely on `parents` nor `__eq__()`, nor do they spin up temporary path objects.

Unfortunately calling `pathmod.relpath()` isn't an option, as it calls `abspath()` and in turn `os.getcwd()`, which is impure.

* gh-111968: Introduce _PyFreeListState and _PyFreeListState_GET API (gh-113584)

* GH-113528: Deoptimise `pathlib._abc.PurePathBase` (#113559)

Apply pathlib's normalization and performance tuning in `pathlib.PurePath`, but not `pathlib._abc.PurePathBase`.

With this change, the pathlib ABCs do not normalize away alternate path separators, empty segments, or dot segments. A single string given to the initialiser will round-trip by default, i.e. `str(PurePathBase(my_string)) == my_string`. Implementors can set their own path domain-specific normalization scheme by overriding `__str__()`

Eliminating path normalization makes maintaining and caching the path's parts and string representation both optional and not very useful, so this commit moves the `_drv`, `_root`, `_tail_cached` and `_str` slots from `PurePathBase` to `PurePath`. Only `_raw_paths` and `_resolving` slots remain in `PurePathBase`. This frees the ABCs from the burden of some of pathlib's hardest-to-understand code.

* pathlib ABCs: Require one or more initialiser arguments (#113885)

Refuse to guess what a user means when they initialise a pathlib ABC
without any positional arguments. In mainline pathlib it's normalised to
`.`, but in the ABCs this guess isn't appropriate; for example, the path
type may not represent the current directory as `.`, or may have no concept
of a "current directory" at all.

* gh-112182: Replace StopIteration with RuntimeError for future (#113220)

When an `StopIteration` raises into `asyncio.Future`, this will cause
a thread to hang. This commit address this by not raising an exception
and silently transforming the `StopIteration` with a `RuntimeError`,
which the caller can reconstruct from `fut.exception().__cause__`

* GH-113858: GitHub Actions config: Only save ccache on pushes (GH-113859)

* gh-113877: Fix Tkinter method winfo_pathname() on 64-bit Windows (GH-113900)

winfo_id() converts the result of "winfo id" command to integer, but
"winfo pathname" command requires an argument to be a hexadecimal number
on Win64.

* gh-113879: Fix ResourceWarning in test_asyncio.test_server (GH-113881)

* gh-96037: Always insert TimeoutError when exit an expired asyncio.timeout() block (GH-113819)

If other exception was raised during exiting an expired
asyncio.timeout() block, insert TimeoutError in the exception context
just above the CancelledError.

* gh-70835: Clarify error message for CSV file opened with wrong newline (GH-113786)

Based on patch by SilentGhost.

* gh-113594: Fix UnicodeEncodeError in TokenList.fold() (GH-113730)

It occurred when try to re-encode an unknown-8bit part combined with non-unknown-8bit part.

* gh-113664: Improve style of Big O notation (GH-113695)

Use cursive to make it looking like mathematic formulas.

* gh-58032: Do not use argparse.FileType in module CLIs and scripts (GH-113649)

Open and close files manually. It prevents from leaking files,
preliminary creation of output files, and accidental closing of stdin
and stdout.

* gh-89850: Add default C implementations of persistent_id() and persistent_load() (GH-113579)

Previously the C implementation of pickle.Pickler and pickle.Unpickler
classes did not have such methods and they could only be used if
they were overloaded in subclasses or set as instance attributes.

Fixed calling super().persistent_id() and super().persistent_load() in
subclasses of the C implementation of pickle.Pickler and pickle.Unpickler
classes. It no longer causes an infinite recursion.

* gh-66515: Fix locking of an MH mailbox without ".mh_sequences" file (GH-113482)

Guarantee that it either open an existing ".mh_sequences" file or create
a new ".mh_sequences" file, but do not replace existing ".mh_sequences"
file.

* gh-111789: Use PyDict_GetItemRef() in Modules/_zoneinfo.c (GH-112078)

* gh-109858: Protect zipfile from "quoted-overlap" zipbomb (GH-110016)

Raise BadZipFile when try to read an entry that overlaps with other entry or
central directory.

* gh-111139: Optimize math.gcd(int, int) (#113887)

Add a fast-path for the common case.

Benchmark:

    python -m pyperf timeit \
        -s 'import math; gcd=math.gcd; x=2*3; y=3*5' \
        'gcd(x,y)'

Result: 1.07x faster (-3.4 ns)

    Mean +- std dev: 52.6 ns +- 4.0 ns -> 49.2 ns +- 0.4 ns: 1.07x faster

* GH-113860: All executors are now defined in terms of micro ops. Convert counter executor to use uops. (GH-113864)

* gh-111968: Use per-thread freelists for float in free-threading (gh-113886)

* Add @requires_zlib() decorator for gh-109858 tests (GH-113918)

* gh-113625: Align object addresses in the Descriptor HowTo Guide (#113894)

* gh-113753: Clear finalized bit when putting PyAsyncGenASend back into free list (#113754)

* gh-112302: Point core developers to SBOM devguide on errors (#113490)

Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <1324225+hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>

* gh-77046: os.pipe() sets _O_NOINHERIT flag on fds (#113817)

On Windows, set _O_NOINHERIT flag on file descriptors
created by os.pipe() and io.WindowsConsoleIO.

Add test_pipe_spawnl() to test_os.

Co-authored-by: Zackery Spytz <zspytz@gmail.com>

* gh-87868: Skip `test_one_environment_variable` in `test_subprocess` when the platform or build cannot do that (#113867)

* improve the assert for test_one_environment_variable
* skip some test in test_subprocess when python is configured with shared
* also skip the test if AddressSanitizer is enabled

---------

Co-authored-by: Steve Dower <steve.dower@microsoft.com>

* gh-113896: Fix test_builtin.BuiltinTest.test___ne__() (#113897)

Fix DeprecationWarning in test___ne__().

Co-authored-by: Nikita Sobolev <mail@sobolevn.me>

* gh-111968: Unify naming scheme for freelist (gh-113919)

* gh-89811: Check for valid tp_version_tag in specializer (GH-113558)

* gh-112640: Add `kwdefaults` parameter to `types.FunctionType.__new__` (#112641)

* gh-112419: Document removal of sys.meta_path's 'find_module' fallback (#112421)

Co-authored-by: Erlend E. Aasland <erlend@python.org>

* gh-113932: assert ``SyntaxWarning`` in test_compile.TestSpecifics.test_… (#113933)

* gh-91960: Remove Cirrus CI configuration (#113938)

Remove .cirrus.yml which was already disabled by being renamed to
.cirrus-DISABLED.yml. In total, Cirrus CI only run for less than one
month.

* gh-107901: jump leaving an exception handler doesn't need an eval break check (#113943)

* GH-113853: Guarantee forward progress in executors (GH-113854)

* gh-113845: Fix a compiler warning in Python/suggestions.c (GH-113949)

* gh-111968: Use per-thread freelists for tuple in free-threading (gh-113921)

* Update KDE recipe to match the standard use of the h parameter (gh-#113958)

* gh-81489: Use Unicode APIs for mmap tagname on Windows (GH-14133)

Co-authored-by: Erlend E. Aasland <erlend@python.org>

* GH-107678: Improve Unicode handling clarity in ``library/re.rst`` (#107679)

* Improve kde graph with better caption and number formatting (gh-113967)

* gh-111968: Explicit handling for finalized freelist (gh-113929)

* gh-113903: Fix an IDLE configdialog test (#113973)

test_configdialog.HighPageTest.test_highlight_target_text_mouse fails
if a line of the Highlight tab text sample is not visible. If so, bbox()
in click_char() returns None and the unpacking iteration fails.

This occurred on a Devuan Linux system. Fix by moving the
'see character' call inside click_char, just before the bbox call.

Also, reduce the click_char calls to just one per tag name and
replace the other nested function with a dict comprehension.

* gh-113937 Fix failures in type cache tests due to re-running (GH-113953)

* gh-113858: Cut down ccache size (GH-113945)

Cut down ccache size

- Only save the ccache in the main reusable builds, not on builds that
  don't use special build options:
  - Generated files check
  - OpenSSL tests
  - Hypothesis tests
- Halve the max cache size, to 200M

* gh-108364: In sqlite3, disable foreign keys before dumping SQL schema (#113957)

sqlite3.Connection.iterdump now ensures that foreign key support is
disabled before dumping the database schema, if there is any foreign key
violation.

Co-authored-by: Erlend E. Aasland <erlend@python.org>

* gh-113027: Fix timezone check in test_variable_tzname in test_email (GH-113835)

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

* GH-113860: Get rid of `_PyUOpExecutorObject` (GH-113954)

* Docs: Amend codeobject.co_lines docs; end number is exclusive (#113970)

The end number should be exclusive, not inclusive.

* gh-111877: Fixes stat() handling for inaccessible files on Windows (GH-113716)

* gh-113980: Fix resource warnings in test_asyncgen (GH-113984)

* gh-107901: duplicate blocks with no lineno that have an eval break and multiple predecessors (#113950)

* gh-113868: Add a number of MAP_* flags from macOS to module mmap (#113869)

The new flags were extracted from the macOS 14.2 SDK.

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

* gh-113710: Add types to the interpreter DSL (#113711)

Co-authored-by: Jules <57632293+JuliaPoo@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: blurb-it[bot] <43283697+blurb-it[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

* gh-113971: Make `zipfile.ZipInfo._compresslevel` public as `.compress_level` (#113969)

Make zipfile.ZipInfo.compress_level public.

A property is used to retain the behavior of the ._compresslevel.

People constructing zipfile.ZipInfo instances to pass into existing APIs to control per-file compression levels already treat this as public, there was never a reason for it not to be.

I used the more modern name compress_level instead of compresslevel as the keyword argument on other ZipFile APIs is called to be consistent with compress_type and a general long term preference of not runningwordstogether without a separator in names.

* GH-111802: set a low recursion limit for `test_bad_getattr()` in `test.pickletester` (GH-113996)

* gh-95649: Document that asyncio contains uvloop code (#107536)

Some of the asyncio SSL changes in GH-31275 [1] were taken from
v0.16.0 of the uvloop project [2]. In order to comply with the MIT
license, we need to just need to document the copyright information.

[1]: https://github.com/python/cpython/pull/31275
[2]: https://github.com/MagicStack/uvloop/tree/v0.16.0

* gh-101100: Fix Sphinx Lint warnings in `Misc/` (#113946)

Fix Sphinx Lint warnings in Misc/

* Fix a grammatical error in `pycore_pymem.h` (#112993)

* Tutorial: Clarify 'nonzero exit status' in the appendix (#112039)

* Link to the glossary for "magic methods" in ``MagicMock`` (#111292)

The MagicMock documentation mentions magic methods several times without
actually pointing to the term in the glossary. This can be helpful for
people to fully understand what those magic methods are.

* datamodel: Fix a typo in ``object.__init_subclass__`` (#111599)

* GH-111801: set a lower recursion limit for `test_infintely_many_bases()` in `test_isinstance` (#113997)

* gh-89159: Document missing TarInfo members (#91564)

* GH-111798: skip `test_super_deep()` from `test_call` under pydebug builds on WASI (GH-114010)

* GH-44626, GH-105476: Fix `ntpath.isabs()` handling of part-absolute paths (#113829)

On Windows, `os.path.isabs()` now returns `False` when given a path that
starts with exactly one (back)slash. This is more compatible with other
functions in `os.path`, and with Microsoft's own documentation.

Also adjust `pathlib.PureWindowsPath.is_absolute()` to call
`ntpath.isabs()`, which corrects its handling of partial UNC/device paths
like `//foo`.

Co-authored-by: Jon Foster <jon@jon-foster.co.uk>

* pathlib ABCs: add `_raw_path` property (#113976)

It's wrong for the `PurePathBase` methods to rely so much on `__str__()`.
Instead, they should treat the raw path(s) as opaque objects and leave the
details to `pathmod`.

This commit adds a `PurePathBase._raw_path` property and uses it through
many of the other ABC methods. These methods are all redefined in
`PurePath` and `Path`, so this has no effect on the public classes.

* Add module docstring for `pathlib._abc`. (#113691)

* gh-101225: Increase the socket backlog when creating a multiprocessing.connection.Listener (#113567)

Increase the backlog for multiprocessing.connection.Listener` objects created
 by `multiprocessing.manager` and `multiprocessing.resource_sharer` to
 significantly reduce the risk of getting a connection refused error when creating
 a `multiprocessing.connection.Connection` to them.

* gh-114014: Update `fractions.Fraction()`'s rational parsing regex (#114015)

Fix a bug in the regex used for parsing a string input to the `fractions.Fraction` constructor. That bug led to an inconsistent exception message being given for some inputs.

---------

Co-authored-by: blurb-it[bot] <43283697+blurb-it[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Mark Dickinson <dickinsm@gmail.com>

* gh-111803: Support loading more deeply nested lists in binary plist format (GH-114024)

It no longer uses the C stack. The depth of nesting is only limited by
Python recursion limit setting.

* gh-113317: Move global utility functions into libclinic (#113986)

Establish Tools/clinic/libclinic/utils.py and move the following
functions over there:

- compute_checksum()
- create_regex()
- write_file()

* gh-101100: Fix Sphinx warnings in `howto/urllib2.rst` and `library/http.client.rst` (#114060)

* Add `pathlib._abc.PathModuleBase` (#113893)

Path modules provide a subset of the `os.path` API, specifically those
functions needed to provide `PurePathBase` functionality. Each
`PurePathBase` subclass references its path module via a `pathmod` class
attribute.

This commit adds a new `PathModuleBase` class, which provides abstract
methods that unconditionally raise `UnsupportedOperation`. An instance of
this class is assigned to `PurePathBase.pathmod`, replacing `posixpath`.
As a result, `PurePathBase` is no longer POSIX-y by default, and
all its methods raise `UnsupportedOperation` courtesy of `pathmod`.

Users who subclass `PurePathBase` or `PathBase` should choose the path
syntax by setting `pathmod` to `posixpath`, `ntpath`, `os.path`, or their
own subclass of `PathModuleBase`, as circumstances demand.

* Replace `pathlib._abc.PathModuleBase.splitroot()` with `splitdrive()` (#114065)

This allows users of the `pathlib-abc` PyPI package to use `posixpath` or
`ntpath` as a path module in versions of Python lacking
`os.path.splitroot()` (3.11 and before).

* gh-113317: Move FormatCounterFormatter into libclinic (#114066)

* gh-109862: Fix test_create_subprocess_with_pidfd when it was run separately (GH-113991)

* gh-114075: Capture `test_compileall` stdout output  (#114076)

Co-authored-by: Alex Waygood <Alex.Waygood@Gmail.com>

* gh-113666: Adding missing UF_ and SF_ flags to module 'stat' (#113667)

Add some constants to module 'stat' that are used on macOS.

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

* GH-112354: `_GUARD_IS_TRUE_POP` side-exits to target the next instruction, not themselves. (GH-114078)

* gh-109598: make PyComplex_RealAsDouble/ImagAsDouble use __complex__ (GH-109647)

`PyComplex_RealAsDouble()`/`PyComplex_ImagAsDouble` now try to convert
an object to a `complex` instance using its `__complex__()` method
before falling back to the ``__float__()`` method.

PyComplex_ImagAsDouble() also will not silently return 0.0 for
non-complex types anymore.  Instead we try to call PyFloat_AsDouble()
and return 0.0 only if this call is successful.

* gh-112532: Fix memory block count for free-threaded build (gh-113995)

This fixes `_PyInterpreterState_GetAllocatedBlocks()` and
`_Py_GetGlobalAllocatedBlocks()` in the free-threaded builds. The
gh-113263 change that introduced multiple mimalloc heaps per-thread
broke the logic for counting the number of allocated blocks. For subtle
reasons, this led to reported reference count leaks in the refleaks
buildbots.

* gh-111968: Use per-thread slice_cache in free-threading (gh-113972)

* gh-99437: runpy: decode path-like objects before setting globals

* gh-114070: correct the specification of ``digit`` in the float() docs (#114080)

* gh-91539: Small performance improvement of urrlib.request.getproxies_environment() (#108771)

 Small performance improvement of getproxies_environment() when there are many environment variables. In a benchmark with 5k environment variables not related to proxies, and 5 specifying proxies, we get a 10% walltime improvement.

* gh-112087: Update list impl to be thread-safe with manual CS (gh-113863)

* gh-78502: Add a trackfd parameter to mmap.mmap() (GH-25425)

If *trackfd* is False, the file descriptor specified by *fileno*
will not be duplicated.

Co-authored-by: Erlend E. Aasland <erlend@python.org>
Co-authored-by: Petr Viktorin <encukou@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

* gh-114101: Correct PyErr_Format arguments in _testcapi module (#114102)

- use PyErr_SetString() iso. PyErr_Format() in parse_tuple_and_keywords()
- fix misspelled format specifier in CHECK_SIGNNESS() macro

* GH-113655: Lower the C recursion limit on various platforms (GH-113944)

* gh-113358: Fix rendering tracebacks with exceptions with a broken __getattr__ (GH-113359)

Co-authored-by: Irit Katriel <1055913+iritkatriel@users.noreply.github.com>

* gh-113238: add Anchor to importlib.resources (#113801)

Co-authored-by: blurb-it[bot] <43283697+blurb-it[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

* gh-114077: Fix OverflowError in socket.sendfile() when pass count >2GiB (GH-114079)

* Docs: Align multiprocessing.shared_memory docs with Sphinx recommendations (#114103)

- add :class: and :mod: markups where needed
- fix incorrect escaping of a star in ShareableList arg spec
- mark up parameters with stars: *val*
- mark up list of built-in types using list markup
- remove unneeded parentheses from :meth: markups

* gh-113858: GH Actions: Limit max ccache size for the asan build (GH-114113)

* gh-114107: Fix importlib.resources symlink test if symlinks aren't supported (#114108)

gh-114107: Fix symlink test if symlinks aren't supported

* gh-102468: Document `PyCFunction_New*` and `PyCMethod_New` (GH-112557)

Co-authored-by: Erlend E. Aasland <erlend.aasland@protonmail.com>

* gh-113626: Add allow_code parameter in marshal functions (GH-113648)

Passing allow_code=False prevents serialization and de-serialization of
code objects which is incompatible between Python versions.

* gh-111968: Use per-thread freelists for PyContext in free-threading (gh-114122)

* gh-114107: test.pythoninfo logs Windows Developer Mode (#114121)

Also, don't skip the whole collect_windows() if ctypes is missing.

Log also ctypes.windll.shell32.IsUserAnAdmin().

* Fix an incorrect comment in iobase_is_closed (GH-102952)

This comment appears to have been mistakenly copied from what is now
called iobase_check_closed() in commit 4d9aec022063.

Also unite the iobase_check_closed() code with the relevant comment.

Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

* gh-114069: Revise Tutorial Methods paragraph (#114127)

Remove excess words in the first and third sentences.

* gh-114096: Restore privileges in _winapi.CreateJunction after creating the junction (GH-114089)

This avoids impact on later parts of the application which may be able to do things they otherwise shouldn't.

* Docs: Improve multiprocessing.SharedMemory reference (#114093)

Align the multiprocessing shared memory docs with Diatáxis's
recommendations for references.

- use a parameter list for the SharedMemory.__init__() argument spec
- use the imperative mode
- use versionadded, not versionchanged, for added parameters
- reflow touched lines according to SemBr

* Fix 'expresion' typo in IDLE doc (#114130)

The substantive change is on line 577/593. Rest is header/footer stuff ignored when displaying.

* gh-113659: Skip hidden .pth files (GH-113660)

Skip .pth files with names starting with a dot or hidden file attribute.

* Clean up backslash avoiding code in ast, fix typo (#113605)

As of #108553, the `_avoid_backslashes` code path is dead

`scape_newlines` was introduced in #110271. Happy to drop the typo fix
if we don't want it

* GH-114013: fix setting `HOSTRUNNER` for `Tools/wasm/wasi.py` (GH-114097)

Also fix tests found failing under a pydebug build of WASI thanks to `make test` working due to this change.

* Update copyright years to 2024. (GH-113608)

Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <1324225+hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>

* gh-112529: Track if debug allocator is used as underlying allocator (#113747)

* gh-112529: Track if debug allocator is used as underlying allocator

The GC implementation for free-threaded builds will need to accurately
detect if the debug allocator is used because it affects the offset of
the Python object from the beginning of the memory allocation. The
current implementation of `_PyMem_DebugEnabled` only considers if the
debug allocator is the outer-most allocator; it doesn't handle the case
of "hooks" like tracemalloc being used on top of the debug allocator.

This change enables more accurate detection of the debug allocator by
tracking when debug hooks are enabled.

* Simplify _PyMem_DebugEnabled

* gh-113655: Increase default stack size for PGO builds to avoid C stack exhaustion (GH-114148)

* GH-78988: Document `pathlib.Path.glob()` exception propagation. (#114036)

We propagate the `OSError` from the `is_dir()` call on the top-level
directory, and suppress all others.

* gh-94220: Align fnmatch docs with the implementation and amend markup (#114152)

- Align the argument spec for fnmatch functions with the actual
  implementation.
- Update Sphinx markup to recent recommandations.
- Add link to 'iterable' glossary entry.

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

* Fix typo in c_annotations.py comment (#108773)

"compatability" => "compatibility"

* GH-110109: pathlib docs: bring `from_uri()` and `as_uri()` together. (#110312)

This is a very soft deprecation of `PurePath.as_uri()`. We instead document
it as a `Path` method, and add a couple of sentences mentioning that it's
also available in `PurePath`.

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

* gh-106293: Fix typos in Objects/object_layout.md (#106294)

Co-authored-by: Terry Jan Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu>

* gh-88531 Fix dataclass __post_init__/__init__ interplay documentation (gh-107404)

* Simplify __post_init__ example usage. It applies to all base classes, not just dataclasses.

* gh-112043: Align concurrent.futures.Executor.map docs with implementation (#114153)

The first parameter is named 'fn', not 'func'.

* gh-81479: For Help => IDLE Doc, stop double-spacing some lists. (#114168)

This matches Firefox format.  Edge double-spaces non-simple
list but I think it looks worse.

* gh-72284: Revise lists in IDLE doc  (#114174)

Tkinter is a fact, not necessarily a feature.

Reorganize editor key bindings in a logical order
and remove those that do not work, at least on Windows.

Improve shell bindings list.

* gh-86179: Skip test case that fails on POSIX with unversioned binary (GH-114136)

* Python 3.13.0a3

* gh-104282: Fix null pointer dereference in `lzma._decode_filter_properties` (GH-104283)

* gh-111301: Advertise importlib methods removal in What's new in Python 3.12 (GH-111630)

* gh-112343: pdb: Use tokenize to replace convenience variables (#112380)

* Post 3.13.0a3

* gh-114178: Fix generate_sbom.py for out-of-tree builds (#114179)

* gh-114070: fix token reference warnings in expressions.rst (#114169)

* gh-114149: [Enum] fix tuple subclass handling when using custom __new__ (GH-114160)

* gh-105102: Fix nested unions in structures when the system byteorder is the opposite (GH-105106)

* Fix typo in tkinter.ttk.rst (GH-106157)

* gh-38807: Fix race condition in Lib/trace.py (GH-110143)

Instead of checking if a directory does not exist and thereafter
creating it, directly call os.makedirs() with the exist_ok=True.

* gh-112984 Update Windows build and installer for free-threaded builds (GH-113129)

* gh-112984: Fix test_ctypes.test_loading.test_load_dll_with_flags when directory name includes a dot (GH-114217)

* gh-114149: [Enum] revert #114160 and add more tuple-subclass tests (GH-114215)

This reverts commit 05e142b1543eb9662d6cc33722e7e16250c9219f.

* gh-104522: Fix OSError raised when run a subprocess (#114195)

Only set filename to cwd if it was caused by failed chdir(cwd).

_fork_exec() now returns "noexec:chdir" for failed chdir(cwd).

Co-authored-by: Robert O'Shea <PurityLake@users.noreply.github.com>

* gh-113205: test_multiprocessing.test_terminate: Test the API on threadpools (#114186)

gh-113205: test_multiprocessing.test_terminate: Test the API works on threadpools

Threads can't be forced to terminate (without potentially corrupting too much
state), so the  expected behaviour of `ThreadPool.terminate` is to wait for
the currently executing tasks to finish.

The entire test was skipped in GH-110848 (0e9c364f4ac18a2237bdbac702b96bcf8ef9cb09).
Instead of skipping it entirely, we should ensure the API eventually succeeds:
use a shorter timeout.

For the record: on my machine, when the test is un-skipped, the task manages to
start in about 1.5% cases.

* gh-114211: Update EmailMessage doc about ordered keys (#114224)

Ordered keys are no longer unlike 'real dict's.

* gh-96905: In IDLE code, stop redefining built-ins 'dict' and 'object' (#114227)

Prefix 'dict' with 'o', 'g', or 'l' for 'object', 'global', or 'local'.
Suffix 'object' with '_'.

* gh-114231: Fix indentation in enum.rst (#114232)

* gh-104522: Fix test_subprocess failure when build Python in the root home directory (GH-114236)

* gh-104522: Fix test_subprocess failure when build Python in the root home directory

EPERM is raised when setreuid() fails.
EACCES is set in execve() when the test user has not access to sys.executable.

* gh-114050: Fix crash when more than two arguments are passed to int() (GH-114067)

Co-authored-by: Kirill Podoprigora <kirill.bast9@mail.ru>

* gh-103092: Convert some `_ctypes` metatypes to heap types (GH-113620)


Co-authored-by: Erlend E. Aasland <erlend@python.org>

* gh-110345: show Tcl/Tk patchlevel in `tkinter._test()` (GH-110350)

* Delete unused macro (GH-114238)

* gh-108303: Move all doctest related files and tests to `Lib/test/test_doctest/` (#112109)

Co-authored-by: Brett Cannon <brett@python.org>

* gh-114198: Rename dataclass __replace__ argument to 'self' (gh-114251)

This change renames the dataclass __replace__ method's first argument
name from 'obj' to 'self'.

* gh-114087: Speed up dataclasses._asdict_inner (#114088)

* gh-111968: Use per-thread freelists for generator in free-threading (gh-114189)

* gh-112092: clarify unstable ABI recompilation requirements (#112093)

Use different versions in the examples for when extensions do and do not need to be recompiled to make the examples easier to understand.

* gh-114123: Migrate docstring from _csv to csv (#114124)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Éric <merwok@netwok.org>

* gh-112087: Remove duplicated critical_section (gh-114268)

* gh-111968: Fix --without-freelists build (gh-114270)

* gh-114286: Fix `maybe-uninitialized` warning in `Modules/_io/fileio.c` (GH-114287)

* gh-113884: Refactor `queue.SimpleQueue` to use a ring buffer to store items (#114259)

Use a ring buffer instead of a Python list in order to simplify the
process of making queue.SimpleQueue thread-safe in free-threaded
builds. The ring buffer implementation has no places where critical
sections may be released.

* gh-114275: Skip doctests that use `asyncio` in `test_pdb` for WASI builds (#114309)

* gh-114265: move line number propagation before cfg optimization, remove guarantee_lineno_for_exits (#114267)

* Retain shorter tables of contents for Sphinx 5.2.3+ (#114318)

Disable toc_object_entries, new in Sphinx 5.2.3

* Add a `clean` subcommand to `Tools/wasm/wasi.py` (GH-114274)

* GH-79634: Accept path-like objects as pathlib glob patterns. (#114017)

Allow `os.PathLike` objects to be passed as patterns to `pathlib.Path.glob()` and `rglob()`. (It's already possible to use them in `PurePath.match()`)

While we're in the area:

- Allow empty glob patterns in `PathBase` (but not `Path`)
- Speed up globbing in `PathBase` by generating paths with trailing slashes only as a final step, rather than for every intermediate directory.
- Simplify and speed up handling of rare patterns involving both `**` and `..` segments.

* GH-113225: Speed up `pathlib.Path.walk(top_down=False)` (#113693)

Use `_make_child_entry()` rather than `_make_child_relpath()` to retrieve
path objects for directories to visit. This saves the allocation of one
path object per directory in user subclasses of `PathBase`, and avoids a
second loop.

This trick does not apply when walking top-down, because users can affect
the walk by modifying *dirnames* in-place.

A side effect of this change is that, in bottom-up mode, subdirectories of
each directory are visited in reverse order, and that this order doesn't
match that of the names in *dirnames*. I suspect this is fine as the
order is arbitrary anyway.

* gh-114332: Fix the flags reference for ``re.compile()`` (#114334)

The GH-93000 change set inadvertently caused a sentence in re.compile()
documentation to refer to details that no longer followed. Correct this
with a link to the Flags sub-subsection.

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+aa-turner@users.noreply.github.com>

* GH-99380: Update to Sphinx 7 (#99381)

* Docs: structure the ftplib reference (#114317)

Introduce the following headings and subheadings:

- Reference
  * FTP objects
  * FTP_TLS objects
  * Module variables

* gh-112529: Use GC heaps for GC allocations in free-threaded builds (gh-114157)

* gh-112529: Use GC heaps for GC allocations in free-threaded builds

The free-threaded build's garbage collector implementation will need to
find GC objects by traversing mimalloc heaps. This hooks up the
allocation calls with the correct heaps by using a thread-local
"current_obj_heap" variable.

* Refactor out setting heap based on type

* gh-114281: Remove incorrect type hints from `asyncio.staggered` (#114282)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

* Docs: Add missing line continuation to FTP_TLS class docs (#114352)

Regression introduced by b1ad5a5d4.

* Remove the non-test Lib/test/time_hashlib.py. (#114354)

I believe I added this while chasing some performance of hash functions
when I first created hashlib.  It hasn't been used since, is frankly
trivial, and not a test.

* Remove deleted `time_hashlib.py` from `Lib/test/.ruff.toml` (#114355)

* Fix the confusing "User-defined methods" reference in the datamodel (#114276)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Sergey B Kirpichev <skirpichev@gmail.com>

* Docs: mark up the FTP debug levels as a list (#114360)

Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <1324225+hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>

* gh-101100: Fix sphinx warnings in `Doc/c-api/memory.rst` (#114373)

* gh-80931: Skip some socket tests while hunting for refleaks on macOS (#114057)

Some socket tests related to sending file descriptors cause a file descriptor leak on macOS, all of them tests that send one or more descriptors than cannot be received on the read end.  This appears to be a platform bug.

This PR skips those tests when doing a refleak test run to avoid hiding other problems.

* Docs: mark up FTP() constructor with param list (#114359)

Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <1324225+hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>

* gh-114384: Align sys.set_asyncgen_hooks signature in docs to reflect implementation (#114385)

* Docs: link to sys.stdout in ftplib docs (#114396)

---------

Co-authored-by: Donghee Na <donghee.na@python.org>
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kulikjak pushed a commit to kulikjak/cpython that referenced this issue Jan 22, 2024
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